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AIRFRAME REPAIR > CHAPTER 5 - BOLTS, SCREWS AND FASTENERS > Flashcards

CHAPTER 5 - BOLTS, SCREWS AND FASTENERS Flashcards

1
Q

FASTENERS
What is the definition of a fastener, bolt or screw?

A

Fastener: a general term to describe all various types of fastening devices employed in the construction of an aeroplane

Bolt: A threaded fastener with a plain (unthreaded) shank portion

Screw: A fully threaded item regardless of thread size, head style or material

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2
Q

FASTENERS
Apart from their definitions, how else can a bolt or screw by identified?

A

Any external wrenching is a bolt
Any internally driven item is a screw

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3
Q

FASTENERS
What are the seven common fastener types used?

A
  1. Bolts
  2. Screws
  3. Nuts
  4. Wing Nuts
  5. Studs
  6. Dowel pins
  7. Clamps
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4
Q

FASTENERS
How are aircraft hardware identified?

A
  1. By its specification number or trade name
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5
Q

FASTENERS
What are the three trade names used to identify threaded fasteners?

A

AN: Air-Force Navy
NAS; National Aircraft Standard
MS: Military Standard

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6
Q

FASTENERS
Label thesis diagram of bolt types based on their head style:
Match the letter:

Flush head (countersunk bolt/screw)
Internal wrenching bolt
Drilled hex head bolt
Eye bolt
Cleavis bolt
Hex head bolt
EXTRA: AN type
Flush head Screw (Allen type)
EXTRA: MS/NAS type
12 point head bolts
Socket head cap screw

A

A: Flush head (countersunk bolt/screw)
B: Internal wrenching bolt
C: Drilled hex head bolt
D: Eye bolt
E: Cleavis bolt
F: Hex head bolt
G: EXTRA: AN type
H: Flush head Screw (Allen type)
I: EXTRA: MS/NAS type
J: 12 point head bolts
K: Socket head cap screw

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7
Q

BOLT TYPES
Name the 3 principle parts of a bolt..

A

1.Head
2.Thread
3. Grip

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8
Q

BOLT TYPES
What are the several parameters in a fasteners specification?

A

Thread form, shank diameter, head style, grip length, material, surface finish and locking facilities

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9
Q

BOLT TYPES
Match the letter which the correct label:
Headwidth
Grip
Grip
Diameter
Length
Thread
Length

A

A: Length
B: Head Width
C: Diameter
D: Grip
E: Thread
F: Grip
G: Length

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10
Q

BOLT TYPES
What is the standard angle for a countersunk?

A

100 degrees

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11
Q

BOLT TYPES
For a countersunk fastener, what are the ‘slot’ forms that could be used?
HINT: 7

A
  1. Straight
  2. Radiuses straight (Hi-Torque)
  3. Cruciform (cross-shaped)
  4. Offset Cruciform (Torq-set)
  5. Offset three-point (Tri-wing)
  6. Splined (Torx)
  7. Hexagonal (Allen)
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12
Q

BOLT TYPES
From left to right, label these recess drive slots..

A
  1. Straight
  2. Hi-torque
  3. Phillips
  4. Posidrive
  5. Reed and Prince
  6. Torque Set
  7. Tri Wing
  8. Torx
  9. Allen
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13
Q

BOLT TYPES
Describe and label views A to G of some common bolt drive types..

A

View A: Shows an eyebolt, often used in flight control systems
View B: Shows a countersunk-head, close tolerance bolt
View C: Shows an internal wrenching bolt, tightened and loosened using an appropriately sized Allen key
View D: Clevis bolt
View E: torque-set wrenching recess - no taper in the walls of the recess allows for higher torque
View F: external-wrenching head with a washer under the head to provide increased bearing surface
View G: hi-torque style driving slot - Must be installed with a special hi-torque driver adapter and driven with some type of torque-limiting

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14
Q

MARKING OF BOLTS
How are smaller parts of a bolt that can not be marked identified?

A

From their release documentation or by measurement and careful comparison with the standard table

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15
Q

MARKING OF BOLTS
What do letters A-D stand for with unified thread identification?

A

A: Unified symbol on head
B: Unified symbol on head
C: Head recess
D: Dog Point

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16
Q

MARKING OF BOLTS
When can alternative parts be substituted?

A

When indicated in the structural repair manual or under the authority of the Technical Services department

17
Q

UNIFIED THREAD BOLTS
Describe the code system used for the identification of bolts and screws

A

Consists of the Standard number followed by the part number of the particular bolt

18
Q

MARKING OF BOLTS
What should you not do with shear or tension bolts?

A

Should not replace one with the other

19
Q

SCREWS
What is the main difference between aircraft bolts and machine screws?

A

The threads of a machine screw usually runs the length of the shank, whereas bolts usually have an unthread grip length

20
Q

SCREWS
What are commonly used machine screws? HINT: 5

A
  1. Flush-head: used in countersunk holes, available in 82 or 100 degrees of head angle
  2. Round-head: frequently used in assembling highly stressed aircraft components
  3. Fillister-head: used as general purpose screws
  4. Socket-head: designed to be screwed into tapped holes by internal wrenching
  5. Pan and Truss Head: General purpose screws used where head height is unimportant
21
Q

SCREWS
What are structural screws used for and how are they constructed?

A

They are used for assembling structural parts.
They are made of alloy steel and are heat-treated, They have a definitive grip length and the same shear and tensile strengths as the equivalent size bolt

22
Q

SCREWS
How do Structural Screws differ from structural bolts?

A

Only by the type of head.

23
Q

FASTENER LOAD AND TYPES
What are the two loads fasteners are subjected to?

A

Loads carried along the length of the fastener are TENSION loads
Loads felt across the fastener are SHEAR loads

24
Q

FASTENER LOAD AND TYPES
What bolt, screw or stud will never fail?

A

None. No matter how high quality these fasteners are, there is still a risk of failing if installed incorrectly or if misused.

25
Q

QUICK RELEASE FASTENERS
Describe how the Dzus Fastener works..

A

Consists of a catch and spring.
Spring is one the underside of the fixed component
A helical slot in the body of the catch engages the spring, drawing it up when the catch is quarter turned in a clockwise direction. It is unlocked when this action is reversed.
Locked position is clearly marked by lines painted on the cowling.

26
Q

QUICK RELEASE FASTENERS
Describe how an Oddie Fastener works?

A

Central stud which is held in position in the panel by a rubber washer or a coiled spring.
Stud is bullet shaped and has two recesses, opposite to each other.
Fastener is locked by positioning the recesses in line with the legs of the spring and pressing the stud home.
Definite click is heard with the fastener is locked
Unlocked by a quarter turn in either direction

27
Q

QUICK RELEASE FASTENERS
Describe how a Camloc Fastener works..

A

Consists of a print-loaded stud assembly and a receptacle
Stud assembly fitted to the removable panel whilst receptacle is fitted to the airframe
Lock the fastener, stud is pushed against its spring and given a quarter turn clockwise.
Cross pin on the stud rides up the cam and draws the two components together, allowing the stud spring to pull it into a lock-ing groove
Unlocked by a quarter turn anti-clockwise

AIRFRAME REPAIR (13 decks)

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