Chapter 5- Basic Cardiac Cycle Flashcards

0
Q

When the QRS complex begins, is it almost immediately followed by an increase or a decrease in ventricular pressure ?

A

An Increase in ventricular pressure

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1
Q

The P wave is followed very closely by changes in pressure in the atria, is it called atrial systole or atrial diastole and how pressure changes ?

A

It is called atrial systole, which is increased pressure in the atria corresponding to atrial contraction

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2
Q

How is the ventricular contraction phase called?

A

The ventricular systole

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3
Q

What happens when ventricular pressure increase above atrial pressure ?

A

The AV valves close

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4
Q

When left ventricular pressure increases above aortic pressure what happens?

A

The SL aortic valve opens

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5
Q

What happens when the pressure in the left ventricle becomes less than the aortic pressure ?

A

The aortic SL valve closes, preventing the back flow of the blood in the left ventricle

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6
Q

What happens when the ventricular pressure falls below the atrial pressure ?

A

The AV valves open, then the ventricles start to fill with blood again

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7
Q

When the atria contract they do push more blood in ventricles increasing the intraventricular volumes slightly or tremendously ?

A

During atrial systole, the ventricular volume increase slightly

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8
Q

When ventricles contract what happen to ventricular volumes ?

A

Ventricular volumes decrease

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9
Q

Ventricles are filling with blood during ventricular diastole or systole ?

A

During ventricular diastole

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10
Q

Hear sound 1 is caused by what event ?

A

When AV valves close

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11
Q

Heart sound 2 is caused by what event ?

A

When SL valves close

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12
Q

Hear sound 1 indicates the beginning of which phase?

A

Ventricular systole

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13
Q

Heart sound 2 indicates the beginning of which phase ?

A

Ventricular diastole

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14
Q

What defines the cardiac output ?

A

The cardiac output is the volume of blood ejected from a ventricle per minute

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15
Q

What factors determine cardiac output ?

A

Heart rate and volume of blood ejected by the heart = stroke volume
Cardiac output = heart rate x stroke volume

16
Q

What means EDV ?

A

End diastolic volume, which is the volume in the ventricle at the end of ventricular diastole, the highest volume of blood in the ventricle

17
Q

What means ESV ?

A

End systolic volume, which is the volume in the ventricle at the end of ventricular systole, the lowest volume of blood in the ventricle

18
Q

What means SV?

A

Stroke volume, which is the volume of blood ejected during a single heart beat
SV = EDV - ESV

19
Q

What is the autonomic nervous system ?

A

The sympathetic nervous system and the parasympathetic nervous system

20
Q

What are the consequences of the sympathetic nervous system action on the heart ?

A

Increase heart rate ( tachycardia) and force of contraction

21
Q

What are the consequences of parasympathetic nervous system action on the heart ?

A

Decrease heart rate ( bradycardia via the vagus nerves)