Chapter 5: Acids, Bases and Salts

Question 1

define acid:

Answer 1

a molecule or ion that is able to donate a proton (H+ ion) to a base.

Question 2

Define base:

Answer 2

a molecule or ion that is able to accept a proton (H+ ion) from an acid.

Question 3

What type of oxides do non-metals form?

Answer 3

acidic oxides that dissolve in water to form acidic solutions

Question 4

What type of oxides do solid metals form?

Answer 4

they form alkaline solutions that neutralize acids (basic oxides)

Question 5

What salts are soluble?

Answer 5

sodium, potassium and ammonium
all nitrates, some chlorides and sulfates
carbonates and hydroxides of sodium, potassium and ammonium and partially the hydroxide of calcium

Question 6

What salts are insoluble?

Answer 6

not sodium, potassium and ammonium
no nitrates
silver and lead chloride
barium, calcium and lead sulfate
most carbonates and hydroxides are insoluble

Question 7

What is the method to prepare for a soluble salt?

Answer 7

1. react acid with a metal, base or carbonate
2. excess solid is filtered out
3. the solution is carefully evaporated
4. crystals are allowed to form

Question 8

Explain the method for preparing a soluble salt by titration?

Answer 8

1. burette filled with an acid and known volume of alkali in conical flask
2. the acid is added to the alkali until the end point is reached
3. the solution is evaporated and crystals are formed