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IBS 100 > Chapter 5 A&P Beck Test > Flashcards

Chapter 5 A&P Beck Test Flashcards

1
Q

All living matter is composed of a colorless, jelly-like substance called

A

Protoplasm

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2
Q

During early stages of an organism, the repeated division of the ovum (egg) results in many specialized cells that differ from one another in composition and function

A

Differentiation

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3
Q

Process of building up larger molecules from smaller ones

A

Anabolism

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4
Q

Skeletal membrane Perichondrium covers/is around

A

The cartilage

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5
Q

Adipose tissue has an abundance of

A

Fat containing cells

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6
Q

Imaginary line that divides the body into anterior half and posterior half (front and back)

A

Coronal a.k.a. frontal plane

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7
Q

The cranial cavity is one of the

A

Dorsal cavities

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8
Q

The shoulder joint and the deltoid muscle is called

A

Deltoid Region

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9
Q

Due to the reproductive system- in the embryonic stage of a fetus, the _________ forms the glands of the skin, nails, nervous system, and lining of the mouth

A

Ectodermal cells

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10
Q

Deepest layer of the epidermis

A

Stratum germinativum

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11
Q

Egg shaped preceptors, sensitive to vibration and pressure

A

Pacinian corpuscle

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12
Q

Healthy skin is soft, flexible and ____________

A

Slightly acidic

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13
Q

Abnormally developed sacs containing pus

A

Cysts

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14
Q

Accumulation of dry or greasy flakes

A

Scale

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15
Q

The most common type of skin cancer is

A

Basal cell carcinoma

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16
Q

Where is psoriasis found?

A

Scalp, elbows, knees, and rarely the face

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17
Q

Inflammation and excessive oiliness of the skin on cheeks and nose

A

Rosacea

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18
Q

An itchy, swollen lesion that lasts only a few hours is a

A

Wheal

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19
Q

Goosebumps are due to

A

Contracting arrector pili muscles

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20
Q

Scab or abrasion due to scarring or scraping

A

Excoriation

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21
Q

Stratumspinosum has

A

Irregularly shaped cells

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22
Q

What areas are considered long bones?

A

Legs, arms, fingers, and toes

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23
Q

The _____ portion of bones are made up of ________ bones which consist of irregularly shaped spaces of thin bony plates

A

Inner, Cancellous

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24
Q

Made up of the ribs and sternum

A

Thorax cage

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25
Q

Are freely moving structures because they are synovial

A

Diathrotic (Function)

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26
Q

Are slightly immovable structures because they’re cartiaginous

A

Amphiarthrotic (Function)

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27
Q

Are immovable structures because they’re fibrous

A

Synathrotic (Function)

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28
Q

Another name for the kneecap

A

Patella

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29
Q

Immovable joints are called

A

Synathrotic

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30
Q

Greatest range of motion is found in

A

Ball and socket joints

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31
Q

Osteoarthritis results in

A

Abnormal bone thickening

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32
Q

Forms the hard bone found in the shaft of long bones and along the outside of flat bones

A

Compact bone tissue

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33
Q

First indicator of osteoporosis is

A

A bone fracture from a minor accident

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34
Q

Over ____ muscles in the body

A

600

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35
Q

Two categories of muscle fibers are

A

Parallel and Pinnate

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36
Q

The most stationary attachment of a muscle is

A

The origin

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37
Q

Has membranous channels that release calcium ions and causes muscle contractions

A

Sarcoplasmic reticulum

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38
Q

A Chickens white breast meat has

A

Type II fibers

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39
Q

Muscles that assist the primary muscle of an action are called

A

Synergist

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40
Q

Behind or in back of

A

Dorsal

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41
Q

An enlargement of the breath of a muscle as a result of repeated forceful muscle activity is called

A

Hypertrophy

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42
Q

Aerobic cellular respiration to replenish ATP takes place in the

A

Mitochondria

43
Q

An _____ contraction occurs when a muscle is contracted, and the ends of the muscle move further apart

A

Eccentric

44
Q

The double layered membrane that covers the heart is the

A

Pericardium

45
Q

The smallest microscopic, thin walled blood vessels are called

A

Capillaries

46
Q

Allows blood to flow only from the left atrium to the left ventricle

A

The bicuspid valve

47
Q

Coordinate immune defenses and kill cells on contact

A

T cells

48
Q

When is an HIV infected person considered to have AIDS?

A

When their CD4 & T-cells count is less than 200

49
Q

Is sexual contact a way to spread HIV?

A

No! Spread of HIV needs a high concentration of the virus, a appropriate environment, and a port of entry

50
Q

White blood cells are

A

Leukocytes

51
Q

Gets its blood from the internal branch of the common carotid artery

A

Cranial cavity

52
Q

Mass of blood trapped under the skin from bleeding

A

Hematoma

53
Q

Filters excess fluid and damaged cells from the lymph

A

Lymph nodes

54
Q

Occipital lymph nodes are at

A

The base of the skull

55
Q

In case of an injury platelets release _______ which is a vasoconstrictor that causes a vascular spasm closing the blood vessels

A

Serotonin

56
Q

Goes from the right ventricle to the lungs and back to the heart

A

Pulmonary circulation

57
Q

Filters lymph from your legs, left arm, left side of head, neck and chest

A

Thoracic duct

58
Q

Relaxation and enlargement of arterial walls

A

Vasodialation

59
Q

_____ _____ is the outermost layer

A

Dura Mater

60
Q

Three parts of the brainstem

A

Midbrain, Pons, and the Medulla Oblongata

61
Q

Involves nerves to visceral organs, glands, and blood vessels

A

Autonomic nervous system

62
Q

Involves nerves to muscle and skin

A

Somatic nervous system

63
Q

Detects pain everywhere except the brain

A

Nociceptors

64
Q

Sense smell and taste. Are sensitive to carbon dioxide and pH changes in the blood

A

Chemoreceptors

65
Q

Regulate smooth muscles, the heart and other involuntary functions

A

Autonomic nervous system

66
Q

Carries impulses from the brain to the effectors

A

Motor neuron

67
Q

Carry impulses from one neuron to the next across the synapse

A

Neurotransmitters

68
Q

The ________ is very sensitive to reflex

A

Sole of the foot

69
Q

Functions as a conductive pathway for nerve impulses to and from the brain

A

Spinal cord

70
Q

Degenerative neurological condition affecting the motor nerves of the brain and spinal cord causing them to die

A

Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis

71
Q

Polio is caused by

A

A virus

72
Q

The largest and longest nerve in the body is the

A

Sciatic nerve

73
Q

Thymus stimulates

A

T – lymphocytes

74
Q

Increases and regulates calcium levels in the blood

A

Parathormone

75
Q

Two hormones secreted by the ovaries

A

Estrogen and progesterone

76
Q

The adrenal glands are situated

A

On top of each kidney

77
Q

Aldosterone regulates ______ and _________ balance in the extracellular fluid and in the blood

A

sodium, potassium

78
Q

The pituitary gland is in the

A

Head

79
Q

These two control the relationship between the endocrine and nervous system

A

Pituitary and hypothalamus

80
Q

Produces thyroxine, Triidothyronine, and calcitonin

A

Thyroid gland

81
Q

Chemical substances, manufactured by the endocrine glands are known as

A

Hormones

82
Q

3 Accessory organs of the respiratory system

A

Larynx, Pharynx, and trachea

83
Q

______ of the intercostal muscles causes the ribs to rise and the thoracic cavity to expand

A

Inhalation

84
Q

An airborne disease that can spread through the body

A

Tuberculosis (a.k.a TB)

85
Q

Common cold symptoms

A

Dry cough, sore throat, and nasal discharge

86
Q

Influenza can be complicated because of possible

A

Secondary infections

87
Q

3 Accessory digestive organs

A

Pancreas, gallbladder and liver

88
Q

Four layers of alimentary canal walls

A

Mucosa, Submucosa, Serous and muscle layer

89
Q

Contains enzymes that breakdown starch into simple sugars called salivary amylase

A

Saliva

90
Q

_______ Colon is an S shaped bend in the colon that connects to the colon

A

Sigmoid

91
Q

Wavelike muscular movement that propels material through the Alimentary canal is

A

Peristalsis

92
Q

Structure / small intestine that is chiefly responsible for absorption of digested food is

A

Villi

93
Q

Hollow organ made with walls of elastic fibers

A

Bladder

94
Q

The functional unit of the kidney is the

A

Nephron

95
Q

Hormone produced in the kidneys that acts to regulate blood pressure is

A

Renin

96
Q

The kidneys filter _______ of plasma a day

A

40 to 50 gallons

97
Q

Fertilized ovum travel through the fallopian tubes to the

A

Uterus

98
Q

Sperm cells are produced in the

A

Seminiferous Tubules

99
Q

Testosterone is produced by the

A

interstitial cells of Leydig

100
Q

A fertilized ovum is also known as

A

Zygote

101
Q

Muscular tube leading from the vulva to the cervix, and is the lower part of the birth canal

A

Vagina

102
Q

Discharge of a mature ovum from the follicle of the ovary

A

Ovulation

103
Q

Cyclic, bleeding every 4 weeks

A

Menstruation

104
Q

Two divisions of Peripheral Nervous System are

A

Autonomic and Somatic

IBS 100 (13 decks)

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