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NASM Exam Prep > Chapter 5 > Flashcards

Chapter 5 Flashcards

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NASM ® CPT flashcards
1
Q

Superior

A

Positioned above a point of reference

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2
Q

Anatomical

A

Reference Position in which the body is standing erect with the feet slightly apart and arms at the sides with palms turned forward.

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3
Q

Inferior

A

Positioned below a point of reference

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4
Q

Proximal

A

Positioned nearest the center of the body, or point of reference

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5
Q

Distal

A

Positioned fares test from the center of the body, or point of reference

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6
Q

Anterior ( aka ventral)

A

On the front of the body

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7
Q

Posterior ( aka dorsal)

A

On the back of the body

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8
Q

Medial

A

Positioned near the middle of the body

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9
Q

Lateral

A

Positioned towards the outside of the body

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10
Q

Contralateral

A

Positioned on the opposite side of the body

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11
Q

Ipsilateral

A

Positioned on the same side of the body

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12
Q

Sagittal Plane

A

An imaginary bisector that divides the body into left and right halves

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13
Q

Examples of exercise in the sagittal plane

A
  • Biceps curls
  • Triceps pushdowns
  • Squats
  • Front lunge
  • Calf raise
  • Walking/ Running
  • Vertical jumping
  • Climbing stairs
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14
Q

Examples of exercise in the frontal plane

A
  • Side lateral raise
  • Side lunge
  • Side shuffle
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15
Q

Examples of exercise in the transverse plane

A
  • Trunk rotation
  • Throwing
  • Golfing
  • Swinging a bat
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16
Q

Frontal plane

A

Divides the body into front and back halves

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17
Q

Abduction

A

Movement in the frontal plane back toward the midline of the body

18
Q

Transverse plane

A

Divides the body into the top and bottom halves

19
Q

Internal rotation

A

Rotation of a joint towards the middle of the body

20
Q

External rotation

A

Rotation of a joint away from the middle of the body

21
Q

Horizontal abduction

A

Movement of the arm or thigh in the transverse plane from an anterior position to a lateral position

22
Q

Horizontal adduction

A

Movement of the arm or thigh in the transverse plane from a lateral position to an anterior position

23
Q

Eccentric muscle action

A

An eccentric muscle action occurs when a muscle develops tension while lengthening

24
Q

Concentric muscle action

A

When a muscle is exerting force greater than the resistive force, resulting in shortening of the muscle

25
Q

Isometric muscles action

A

When a muscle is exerting force equal to the force being placed on it leading to no visible change in the muscle length

26
Q

Isokinetic muscle action

A

When a muscle shortens at a constants speed over the full range of motion

27
Q

Length tension relationship

A

The resting length of a muscle and the tension the muscle can produce at this resting length

28
Q

Force couple

A

Muscle groups moving together to produce movement around a joint

29
Q

Muscle synergies

A

Groups of muscles that are recruited by the central nervous system to provide movement

30
Q

Proprioception

A

The cumulative sensory input to the central nervous system from all mechanoreceptors that sense position and limb movements

31
Q

Dorsiflexion

A

Toes point up and heal down

32
Q

Plantar flexion

A

Toes pointed down and heals off the ground

33
Q

Scapular retraction

A

Adduction of scapula shoulder blades move towards the midline

34
Q

Scapular protraction

A

Abduction of scapula: shoulder blades move away from the mid line

35
Q

Scapular depression

A

Downward motion of the scapula

36
Q

Scapular elevation

A

Upwards motion of the scapula

37
Q

Force velocity curve

A

Refers to the relationship of muscles ability to produce tension at differing shortening velocities

38
Q

Motor behaviour

A

Response to internal and external environment stimuli

39
Q

Motor control

A

How the central nervous system integrates internal and external sensory information with previous experiences to produce a motor response

40
Q

Motor learning

A

Integration of motor processes through practice and experiment, leading to relatively permanent change in the capacity to produce skilled movement

41
Q

Motor development

A

The changes in motor skill behaviour over time throughout the lifespan

42
Q

Muscle synergies

A

Groups of muscle that are recruited by the central nervous system to provide movement

NASM Exam Prep (6 decks)

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