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Strategies and Tactics > Chapter 5 > Flashcards

Chapter 5 Flashcards

1
Q

NFPA ___ : Standard on types of building construction.

A

NFPA 220

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2
Q

Type V construction

A

Frame (wood)

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3
Q

Type IV construction

A

Heavy Timber

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4
Q

Type III construction

A

Ordinary Construction

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5
Q

Type II construction

A

Noncombustible

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6
Q

Type I construction

A

Fire Resistive

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7
Q

Type V : Wood Frame… 5 types

A 
Balloon Frame
Platform Frame
Post and Beam
Plank and Beam
Truss Frame
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8
Q

The main point to remember in the performance of wood as a structural member is ___.

A

Surface to mass ratio

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9
Q

___ is the key factor in fire performance of wood.

A

Mass

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10
Q

Type V construction… ___ was common throughout building construction from the 1800’s to the end of WW2.

A

Balloon Frame

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11
Q

Type V construction… Sometimes called western framing, is the most common type of new frame construction in use today.

A

Platform Frame

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12
Q

Platform frame construction can be used on building up to ___ stories.

A

3

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13
Q

The ___ is a typical post and beam construction.

A

Barn

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14
Q

Barns have a ___ floor and roof system.

A

Plank and beam

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15
Q

Post and Beam… Minimum dimensions for the roof planks are ___ inches with beams set ___ to ___ feet apart.

A

2”

6’ to 8’

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16
Q

Post and Beam… Minimum dimensions for post and beams is ___.

A

4”x4”

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17
Q

____ : similar to post and beam but uses much larger beams.

A

Plank and beam

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18
Q

Type V construction… Used in large residential structures, commercial building, churches, and places of assembly.

A

Plank and Beam

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19
Q

Type V construction… Floors are typically which tongue and groove planks.

A

Plank and beam

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20
Q

A very common and controversial construction method is ___ construction

A

Lightweight truss

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21
Q

The ___ is an engineered construction in which the entire structure is tied together into a unitized frame.

A

Truss Frame

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22
Q

Truss frame structures can be built up to ___ stories.

A

3

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23
Q

The hazard is that wood carries its load by mass. The truss is constructed of the lightest weight and the smallest dimension lumber possible, typically ___.

A

2”x4”

24
Q

A gusset plate is about ___ inches thick.

A

.05 inches

25
Q

Bowstring trusses can span ___ to ___ feet and spaced ___ feet on center.

A

50 to 100

20 feet

26
Q

Gusset plates can also be called gang nailers, staple plates, or metal tooth plate connectors. The metal staple is designed to penetrate the wood from ___ to ___ inches.

A

.25 to .375

27
Q

Treating wood with ___ and ___ to protect from fire caused a problem. When used in roofing systems, the plywood begins to deteriorate due to high humidity and temperature in attics an cock lofts.

A

Phosphates and Sulfates

28
Q

Type IV : heavy timber, aka ___ construction, commonly found in old industrial buildings.

A

Mill construction

29
Q

Type IV construction… The large wooden columns are greater than ___ inches and can be used for buildings up to ___ stories tall.

A

8”x8”

8 stories

30
Q

Type IV construction… The floors are typically ___ inches or greater in thickness and are built using ___ inch tongue and groove construction laid crossways.

A

3 inches

1 inch

31
Q

Large sections of woods more than ___ inches thick can have more fire resistance than exposed steel.

A

6 inches

32
Q

___ is composed of masonry load bearing walls with wood joisted floors and wood roof.

A

Ordinary construction

33
Q

Type III: Ordinary… Load earring walls consist of brick, concrete block, or both. The thickness of the walls can vary from ___ to ___ inches.

A

6 to 30 inches

34
Q

Type III: Ordinary… They typically run ___ to ___ stories tall, although they have been built to heights of ___ stories.

A

1 to 3 stories

10 stories

35
Q

Fire cut joists have a ___ cut on them.

A

30°

36
Q

The ordinary construction building has the load bearing wall along the ___ part of the building.

A

Longest

37
Q

This device is used to spread a load between two or more structural members.

A

Spreader

38
Q

There are ___ types of spreaders.

A

2

39
Q

Spreaders… A rod or cable runs parallel to the joists and ties the wall together to increase the stability of either or both walls.

A

Type 1

40
Q

Spreaders… Tensile members, rod or cable, run perpendicular to the joists and tie the first 3 or 4 joists to the wall. May be part of an original design of heavy timber building, or they may be added to a building to support a weak wall.

A

Type 2

41
Q

Employs building materials that will not add to the fire development, but that can suffer from the effects of fire.

A

Type II : non combustible

42
Q

The invention of steel and the use of steel as a building material began the era of ___ buildings.

A

Fire resistive

43
Q

Rule of thumb for expansion of steel is ___.

A

1 inch for every 10 feet at approx 800°F

44
Q

Can be used in all 5 types of construction.

A

Truss construction

45
Q

Top chord is ___ and the bottom chord is in ___.

A

Compressed

Tension

46
Q

Top and bottom members are called chords, inside members are called ___, tied together with connecting members called ties, and connections are called panel points.

A

Web

47
Q

The most dangerous truss is the ___ truss.

A

Bowstring truss

48
Q

The most common truss for roof construction is the ___ truss.

A

Peaked roof

49
Q

The truss is triangular in shape to provide the peaked roof. The trusses are placed close together ___ to ___ inches on center.

A

16” to 24”

50
Q

The metal strapping used in truss construction improves the roofs ability to withstand ___ forces.

A

Lifting

51
Q

The ___ truss is used for both roofs and floors.

A

Parallel chord

52
Q

Parallel chord trusses used in type 2 commercial structures are typically ___.

A

All steel

53
Q

___ is the void space between chords of a truss. Becomes the location for electrical wiring, HVAC, and other utilities to be placed.

A

Interstitial space

54
Q

The steel bar parallel chord truss is used for both roofs and floors in unprotected steel trusses, the steel can begin to lose strength at ___ and fail around ___.

A

800°F

1000°F

55
Q

Engineered wood I-beam, the top and bottom boards are called ___.

A

Flanges

56
Q

The top or bottom member of a truss.

A

Chord

57
Q

The inside members of a the truss.

A

Web

Strategies and Tactics (12 decks)

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