Chapter 11 Flashcards
Per NFPA, 1 and 2 family dwellings are those in which no more than ___ families reside.
2 families
One and two family dwellings… The most common construction style is ___ and ___.
Wood frame and masonry
Per NFPA full report “fire loss in the use during 2010”, U.S. fire departments responded to an estimated ___ fires.
1,331,500
Resulting in ___ civilian fire fatalities, ___ civilian fire injuries, and est $___ in direct property loss.
3,120
17,720
$11,593,000,000
There was a civilian fire death every ___ minutes and civilian fire injury every ___ minutes in 2010.
169 min
30 min
Residential home fires accounted for more than ___% of the total structure fires and ___% of the civilian fire deaths.
80%
85%
FD’s respond to a residential structure fire every ___ seconds; of these fires, one and two family structures account for ___% of the fires and ___% of civilian fire deaths.
65 seconds
58% of the fires
71% of civilian fire deaths
According to the USFA ___% of civilian fire fatalities in residential buildings occur between the hours of ___ and ___; this period also accounts for ___% of fatal fires.
50%
10pm and 6am
49%
Peak night hours are from ___ to ___.
1am to 5am
___ is the leading cause of fatal residential building fires.
Smoking
According to the 2010 USFA fire fighter fatality report, ___% of fire ground fire fighter fatalities occurred in residential structures.
10%
In 2013, UL firefighter safety research institute (UL FSRI) released a technical report titled “study of the effectiveness of fire service vertical ventilation and suppression tactics in single family homes”. A series of ___ experiments were conducted.
17
The most common building construction methods for one and two family dwellings are type ___ and type ___.
Type V
Type III
Wood frame typically falls in one of three framing methods:
Post and frame
Balloon frame
Platform frame
Post and Frame… Larger members are usually ___ posts that serve as the main structural members.
4x4
Post and Frame… Smaller ___ studs are sued to fill in between the larger members.
2x4
___ uses standard 2x4’s in which exterior framing members run 2 or 3 stories high.
Balloon Frame
Balloon Frame… In houses built prior to ___, these framing members form and open channel from the foundation to the eave line.
1940
Balloon frame built after 1940 usually have ___ in the walls.
Fire stops
____: Each floor is built as a box.
Platform frame
Split level, bi level, and tri level houses are all variations of ___ construction.
Platform frame
Ordinary construction; the difference between wood frame and masonry lies in the ____.
Bearing walls
This style is very popular in the southern states where hurricanes are prevalent…
Ordinary (masonry)
In one and two family dwellings the most common paths for smoke and fire are ___ and ___.
Hallways and Stairways
In a home with modern furnishings, a flashover can occur in ___ the times in one with legacy materials.
Half
The NFPA report “firefighter fatalities in the U.S. - 2010” documented ___ fire fighter fatalities while operating on the fire ground. The most significant factor is that fires in 1 and 2 family dwellings killed ___ FF’s.
21
6
The leading specific location where civilian fire fatalities occur in residential building is the ___ (__%).
Bedroom 55%
___% of fire victims in residential buildings were trying to escape at the time of their deaths; an additional ___% were sleeping.
36%
35%
A ___ attack on the burning materials may be indicated for a fire that has not reached the free burning stage or which flashover has not occurred.
Direct attack
Once the fire is in the free burning stage or flashover stage within a compartment, a ___ attack may be indicated.
Indirect attack
A primary clue to a ___ is smoke from bottom to top of the structure that is not lifted when the front door is opened and ventilation is started.
Basement fire
If a basement doesn’t vent well, cut a hole in the floor under the window about ___ from the wall and then remove the window.
1 foot
There has been an increase in suspicious ___ fires in many cities.
Kitchen
One of the most critical elements to FF safety is a good ___ to determine hazards.
Size up
The biggest concern for FF safety in upper floors I the ___.
Lack of egress
For upper floor fires, the first hose line goes up the stairs to begin to confine and extinguish the fire; the second, backup hose protects the ___.
Stairs
The current housing stock in the U.S. offers at least ___ common styles of attached garages in the single family home.
3 common styles
There are ___ common types of garage doors, with either being door being made of wood, aluminum, or light steel.
2 common types
Garage doors… The first type is the standard roll-up door that rides on tracks on each side of the door. It has ___ to ___ hinged panels and rolls up out of the way.
4 to 6
Garage doors… The second type is a ___ door that raises up and slide back along the ceiling of the garage.
Solid door
If a garage door must be cut, cut about ___ inches in from each side to avoid the hardware and rollers.
6 inches
Even suburban areas are seeing a boom of gated communities where homes are built ___ to ___ feet away from each other.
5 to 10
Since ___ manufactured homes have been required to comply wit the US dept of HUD.
1976
___ times the amount of people die in mobile home fires, then in single and two family home fires.
3 times
For every 1,000 fires that break out, ___ victims will die in mobile homes, whereas fewer than ___ will die in single or two family dwelling fires.
21
7
In some manufactured homes, there is a door o the back side of the structure approximately in the ___ or back ___ of the structure.
Middle or back 3rd
Older mobile homes, ___ - ___ vintage style.
1950 - 1970
___ vent is the easiest way to vent a manufactured home.
Horizontal vent
