Chapter 5 Flashcards
This amendment abolished slavery
Thirteenth Amendment
This amendment gave eighteen-year-olds the vote
Twenty sixth amendment
This amendment guarantees freedom of speech, press, religion, assembly, and petition
First amendment
This amendment limits the president to two terms or no more than ten years in office
Twenty second amendment
This amendment provides the clearest constitutional statement of the principle of federalism
Tenth amendment
This amendment prohibits cruel and unusual punishment
Eighth amendment
This amendment guarantees the right to bear arms
Second amendment
This amendment gave women the right to vote
Nineteenth amendment
Defaming a person in writing
Libel
The first ten amendments
Bill of rights
Drawing district lines to benefit one group or party over another
Gerrymandering
An official who is still in office but who was not reelected
Lame Duck
Supreme Court case expanded the third and fourth amendments to imply a right to privacy as one of American citizens’ fundamental rights
Griswald v. Connecticut
President broke the two term precedent set by George Washington
Franklin
Article of the Constitution makes provision for amending the document
Article V
Only amendment to the Constitution to be ratified by state conventions
Twenty first amendment
Supreme Court case established the right of judicial review
Marbury v. Madison
The idea that the people are the ultimate source of their government’s power
Popular Sovereignty
Branch of government makes the laws
Legislative
The right to vote
Franchise
What are the two ways constitutional amendments can be proposed?
By 2/3rds vote from both the House of Congress or National Convention called by 2/3rds of states
Who as the first Vice President to assume the presidency after the death of a president
John Tyler
Who is the head of the Senate and when does that person vote?
Vice President, when there is a tie
What happens when the president does not sign a bill within ten days of receiving it and Congress adjourns within that time?
Pocket Veto
List and define the six basic principles of the constitution
(1) limited government-Government is limited to only those powers given it by the people through law.
(2) separation of powers-division of power into separate, but not independent, branches
(3) checks and balances-ability of one branch to prevent the other branches from becoming too powerful
(4) judicial review-power of the judicial branch to review the constitutionality of laws passed by the legislative branch
(5) federalism-division of power between national and state levels of government
(6) popular sovereignty-The people are the ultimate source of their government’s authority.
Describe how each of the three branches of government checks and balances the others.
(a) Executive checks judicial by appointing judges and granting pardons and checks the legislature by suggesting legislation, vetoing bills, and calling special sessions of Congress.
(b) Judicial checks the executive by ruling on the constitutionality of presidential actions and interpreting treaties and checks the legislature by ruling on the constitutionality of legislative actions and interpreting treaties and laws.
(c) Legislative checks the executive by approving treaties and presidential appointments, overriding vetoes, and impeaching and removing officials, including the president, and checks the judiciary by impeaching judges, establishing lower courts, regulating appeals, and setting the number of justices on the Supreme Court.
