Chapter 4 Test

Question 1

A trade dispute between Virginia and Maryland, as well as Shay’s Rebellion highlighted the weaknesses of this document.

Answer 1

Articles of Confederation

Question 2

“Father of the Constitution”

Answer 2

James Madison

Question 3

Published essays that defended the Constitution

Answer 3

The Federalist Papers

Question 4

Appointed George Washington to lead the Continental Army

Answer 4

Second Continental Congress

Question 5

A legislature made up of only one house

Answer 5

Unicameral

Question 6

The formal document, written by Thomas Jefferson, which established the principles of government that justified colonies’ the break with England

Answer 6

Declaration of Independence

Question 7

The formal approval process of a constitution, constitutional amendment, or treaty

Answer 7

Ratification

Question 8

Where the delegates gathered to sign the official engrossed copy of the Constitution

Answer 8

Philadelphia, PA

Question 9

Slaves counted as 3/5 of a person for purposes of representation in the house

Answer 9

Three-Fifths Compromise

Question 9

Plan advocated a bicameral Congress, with the number of representatives based on state population or on the amount of revenue a state provided the national government

Answer 9

Virginia Plan

Question 9

Unanimously elected to head the Constitutional Convention

Answer 9

George Washington

Question 10

Home of George Washington

Answer 10

Mount Vernon

Question 11

First signer of the Declaration of Independence

Answer 11

John Hancock

Question 12

Plan that advocated a unicameral Congress maintaining the one-state one-vote principle of the Confederation

Answer 12

New Jersey Plan

Question 13

Thought the Convention should have only amended the Articles of Confederation and the delegates went beyond their power when writing the Constitution

Answer 13

Anti-Federalists

Question 14

Proposed making representation in the lower house based on state population, whereas representation in the Senate would be equal regardless of size

Answer 14

Great Compromise

Question 15

Act of protest in which individuals withhold their business or support

Answer 15

Boycott

Question 16

His writings in Second Treatise on Civil Government greatly influence the founding fathers

Answer 16

John Locke

Question 17

Writer of The Declaration of Independence

Answer 17

Thomas Jefferson

Question 18

Poorly attended convention, only five stages sent representatives

Answer 18

Annapolis Convention

Question 19

The first internal tax, on goods produced and consumed entirely within the colonies

Answer 19

Stamp act

Question 20

Began May 25, 1787, lasted four months, and resulted in the signing of the Constitution

Answer 20

Constitutional Convention

Question 21

Last state to ratify the Articles of Constitution

Answer 21

Maryland

Question 22

King of England during the Revolutionary period

Answer 22

King George III

Question 23

Led an uprising among farmers in Massachusetts who feared prison sentences for indebtness

Answer 23

Daniel Shay

Question 25

Explain the Virginia plan and the New Jersey plan

Answer 25

Virginia Plan advocated a bicameral congress with the number of representatives based on statepopulation or amount of revenue the state provided the federal government. Election to the House would be by popular vote, with the House electing senators from nominees submitted by state legislatures.The legislature would have expanded powers, with Congress able to enforce laws over the states and elect both the chief executive and the national judiciary. The executive and judiciary branches could join together to veto congressional acts, but both houses of Congress could override their veto. The plan favored large states. The New Jersey Plan advocated strong state governments. The executive branchwould consist of several men chosen by the legislative branch and having no veto power. The legislative branch would consist of a unicameral congress that had the powers to tax and to regulate trade. The States would be represented equally in Congress, and this plan was favored by the small states.

Question 27

Identify the catalytic events that shook colonial America and encouraged the independence movement

Answer 27

In 1760, the French and Indian War left England deeply in debt. The British Parliament wanted the colonies to help pay off those debts and therefore began introducing and imposing various taxes on the colonists. The colonists resented the presence of an army in their midst during peacetime and being forced to house and feed those soldiers. Also, George III ascended to the British throne and tried to reassert the political strength of the crown, which had been declining for more than a century. After years of neglect,all of this negative attention to the colonies was more than the colonists could bear as free men, and they began moving toward gaining their independence.

Question 28

What law did the 1765 Stamp Act violate?

Answer 28

Petition of rights

Question 29

For what two main reasons did people oppose ratification of the Constitution?

Answer 29

No Bill of Rights and too little power of states

Question 30

What two factors allowed colonial self-government to grow during the colonial period?

Answer 30

British neglect and 3,000 miles between colonies