Chapter 14 Flashcards
“[T]he Constitution. . .is not a static but rather a living document, and must be read in the context of an ever-changing world. “
Barack Obama
“[The Constitution] should mean exactly what it was intended to mean when it adopted, nothing more, nothing less. “
Antonio Scalia
“Upon these two foundations, the law of nature and the law of revelation, depend all human laws; that is to say, no human laws should be suffered [allowed] to contradict these.”
William Blackstone
The prior authoritative court rulings upon which law is based.
Precedents
This term means the revelation of God’s law through scripture
Revealed law
This term means conformity to God’s divine character as revealed in the bible
Justice
To whom did English common law apply
The whole kingdom
The name given to a judicial system that has both state courts and federal courts
Judicial federalism
This term means the right of a court to hear a case first
Original Jurisdiction
In most states, this type of jury indicts, or charges, accused criminals
Grand jury
In most states, this type of jury hears cases and decides their outcomes
Petit (trial) jury
Their session begins on the first Monday in October
Supreme Court
They was responsible for the compilation of the Corpus Juris Civilis
Justinian
The term for making judicial decisions based on previous rulings
Stare decisis
The most famous ancient collection of laws
Code of Hammurabi
The first codification of Roman law
Law of the twelve tables
He wrote the commentaries on the laws of England
William Blackstone
This established the system of federal courts
The judiciary act of 1789
This Chief Justice brought strength and prestige to the Supreme Court
John Marshall
Supreme Court case gave the court the power of judicial review
Marbury vs. Madison
This Supreme Court case ruled that it is illegal for states to tax federal agencies
McCulloch vs. Maryland
This Supreme Court case made abortion legal
Roe vs. Wade
This Supreme Court case decided the presidential election of 2000
Bush vs Gore
This Supreme Court case ruled segregation illegal in schools
Brown vs Board of Education
This Supreme Court case ruling requires that suspected criminals be informed of their legal rights
Miranda vs. Arizona
How many Justices sit on the US Supreme Court today
9
