Chapter 5

Question 1

Osmosis

Osmotic pressure

Answer 1

Water diffuses through a membrane from an area with more water to area with less water

Question 2

Exoxytosis

Answer 2

Material inside the cell packaged into vesicles and excreted into the cellular medium

Question 3

Transport proteins

Channels

Answer 3

Transmembrane proteins that provide a passageway for the movement ofnions and hydrophilic molecules

Form an open passageway for the direct diffusion of ions or molecules across the membrane. Most are gated

Question 4

pinocytosis

phagocytosis

Answer 4

(cell drinking)

(cell eating).

Question 5

Active transport

Answer 5

utilizes energy fromATP to transport molecules across a membrane against their concentration gradient. Therefore, all groups of ATP-powered pumps contain one or more binding sites for ATP, which are always present on the cytosolic face of the membrane

Question 6

Endocytosis

3 types

Answer 6

Plasma membrane invaginates to form a vesicles that brings substances into the cell
Receptor mediated endocytosis, pinocytosis, phagocytosis

Question 7

Transporter types
Uniporter

Sympoter or cotransportor

Antipoter

Answer 7

Single molecule or ion
Two or more ions or molecules in he same direction
Two or more ions or molecules in opposite directions

Question 8

High permeability

Moderate permeability

Low permeability

Very low permeability

Answer 8

Gases
Co2, n2, o2 and ethanol
Small uncharged molecules

Water, urea

Sugars and other polar organic molecules

Ions charged polar
Molecules and macromolecules

Question 9

Phospholipid bilayer 
Two asymmetrical 
Mosaic of 
\_\_\_\_\ and \_\_\_\ can move relative to eachother 
Transmembrane protiens

Answer 9

Phospholipids are amipathic (hydrophobic and hydrophilic)
Leaflets
Lipid protein and carbohydrates
Lipids and proteins

A transmembrane protein (TP) is a type of integral membrane protein that spans the entirety of the biological membrane to which it is permanently attached. Many transmembrane proteins function as gateways to permit the transport of specific substances across the biological membrane.

Question 10

Transporters

Answer 10

Conformational change transports solute across membrane. Principle pathway for sugars amino acids and nucleotides

Question 11

Receptor mediated endocytosis

Answer 11

Plasma membrane invaginates(folds inward) to form a vesicle that brings substances into the cell

Question 12

Atp driven ion pumps generate ion electrochemical gradients

Na+/K+ pumps

Answer 12

Actively transports na and k against their gradients using the energy from atp hydrolysis
3 na are exported out of cell for every 2 k imported

Question 13

Hypertonic

Isotonic

Answer 13

a greater concentration of solutes on the outside of a cell when compared with the inside of a cell.

Concentration is equal

Question 14

What percent of membrane protein are restricted in movement

Answer 14

10-70

Question 15

Hypotonic

Answer 15

a solution with a lower concentration of solutes outside of the cell

Question 16

Passive transport& Passive diffusion are the same
Facilitated diffusion
Active transport

Answer 16

No input of energy//diffusion of a solute through a membrane ( needs a transport protein)
Requires energy, going against the gradient

Question 17

Cremation

Osmotic lysis

Answer 17

The tendency of water to movie into any cell
Shrinkage of cell in a hypertonic solution
Swelling and bursting of cell on a hypotonic solution

Question 18

Membrane is selectively permeable

This structure ensures that

Answer 18

Essential molecules enter

Metabolic intermediates remainwasye products exit

Question 19

electrochemical gradient

Answer 19

Both an electrical gradient and chemical gradient