Chapter 5 Flashcards
Types of tissues
epithelial, muscle, connective, nervous
Characteristics of epithelial tissues
covers organs, lines body cavities, protect body surfaces, cells are tightly packed, lacks blood vessels
Simple squamous epithelium
-thin flattened cells
-diffusion
lines the air sacs of lungs
Stratified squamous epithelium
- provides protection
- found in epidermis
Simple cuboidal epithelium
- secretion of substances
- lines the kidneys
Stratified cuboidal epithelium
secretion
lines the ducts of mammary glands
Simple columnar epithelium
absorption
lines the small intestines
Pseudostratified columnar epithelium
lines the respiratory passageways
Stratified columnar epithelium
found in the vas deferens
Transitional epithelium
for stretching
in the bladder
Glandular epithelium
produce and secrete a substance
Endocrine gland
secrete their products directly into the blood
Exocrine gland
secrete their products into a duct to a surface
Holocrine gland
release all of the cells contents
ex: sebaceous gland
Apocrine gland
part of the cells cytoplasm is secreted
ex: armpit
Merocrine gland
fluid release by exocytosis
ex: salivary sweat
Characteristics of Connective Tissues
binds structures, provide support, store fat, produce blood cells
Loose connective tissue
fills space between muscles
in hypodermis
Adipose
stores fat
in hypodermis layer
Dense regular connective tissue
binds body parts tighter
in tendons and ligaments
Dense irregular connective tissue
resists tension or pulling in many directions
in dermis
Elastic connective tissue
allows for stretching
in lung tissue arteries
Reticular connective tissue
support the walls of the spleen
Large star-shaped cells
fibroblast
3 types of fibroblast
collagenous
elastic
reticular
Hyaline cartilage
has chondrocytes and lacunae
in trachea
Fibrocartilage
supplies strength
chondrocytes are scattered
in intervertebral discs
Elastic cartilage
has chondrocytes and lacunae
in external ear
Types of membranes
serous
mucous
cutaneous
synovial
Serous
line body cavities that lack openings to the outside
Mucous
line body cavities and tubes that open to the outside of the body
ex: digestive tract
Cutaneous
outer surface of the body
ex: skin
Synovial
inner linings of the joint cavities between freely moving bone endings
ex: knee
Nervous tissue
found in the brain, spinal cord, nerves
Receive and transmit nerve impulses
neuron
Protect and support neurons
neuroglial cells
Connective tissue cells?
fibroblast
mast cells
chondrocytes
osteocytes
Why does cartilage heal slowly?
no blood vessels
Cartilage cells?
chondrocytes
Membranes
sheet like covering in the body composed of epithelial & connective tissue
Types of muscle tissues
smooth
skeletal
cardiac
Smooth muscle
tapered cells
no striations
Skeletal muscle
long
multinucleated
striated
Cardiac muscle
short, branched
striated
intercalated cells
