Chapter 5

Question 1

Inflection refers to

Answer 1

When a word changes its form

Question 2

In English, a word can change its form (inflection) when:

Answer 2

1 it performs different functions (ex. she/he) or 2 when meaning changes (ex. prince/princess)

Question 3

True or False: English is highly inflected

Answer 3

false

Question 4

True or False: Greek is highly inflected

Answer 4

true (almost every word is altered depending on use and meaning in a sentence)

Question 5

English review: These 5 grammatical concepts affect the form of a word

Answer 5

case, number, gender, natural gender, declension

Question 6

*Case

Answer 6

formed when words perform a different function in a sentence

Question 7

The 3 English cases

Answer 7

subjective, possessive, objective

Question 8

Subjective case

Answer 8

refers to subject in a sentence structure - who is doing the action

Question 9

possessive case

Answer 9

shows possession (ex. my ball - answers question of ‘who’s ball is it?’)

Question 10

objective case

Answer 10

direct object - affected by action of the verb

Question 11

*Number

Answer 11

singular or plural

Question 12

*Gender

Answer 12

changes form of word depending on the reference to masculine, feminine, or neuter (ex. he vs her or it, prince or princess)

Question 13

*Natural gender

Answer 13

word takes on gender of object it represents (ex. she for woman)

Question 14

Do Greek pronouns and nouns follow natural gender?

Answer 14

Greek pronouns follow natural gender but most nouns do not

Question 15

*Declension

Answer 15

pattern of inflection (English doesn’t use this much anymore, but Greek has 3 basic patterns of inflection to indicate things like case and number)

Question 16

6 parts of speech in English

Answer 16

noun, adjective, preposition, subject and predicate, definite article, indefinite article

Question 17

Greek: What does the ending of a Greek verb indicate

Answer 17

person and number

Question 18

Person and number in Greek

Answer 18

1. I and we are 1st person, 2. You is second person, 3 everything else is 3rd person (including he, she, it)

Question 19

True or False: A Greek sentence does not have to include a subject since it can be contained in the verb

Answer 19

True

Question 20

Greek: What is crucial in determining the correct gender when looking at the verb?

Answer 20

context