Chapter 5 Flashcards

0
Q

Appendicular skeleton

A

Bones of the limbs and limb girdles that are attached to the axial skeleton.

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1
Q

Amphiarthroses

A

A slightly movable joint

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2
Q

Articular cartilage

A

The cartilage covering the articular surfaces of the bones forming a synovial joint.

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3
Q

Articulations

A

Joint; point where two bones meet.

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4
Q

Axial skeleton

A

The bones of the skull, vertebral column, thorax, and sternum

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5
Q

Bony thorax

A

Bones of the thorax, including ribs, sternum, and thoracic vertebrae.

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6
Q

Cartilaginous joint

A

Joints connected entirely by cartilage. Allows more movement between bones than a fibrous joint but less than the highly mobile synovial joint.

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7
Q

Compact bone

A

Dense bone in which the bony matrix is solidly filled with organic ground substance and inorganic salts, leaving only tiny spaces that contain the bone cells

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8
Q

Diaphysis

A

The main or midsection (shaft) of a long bone.

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9
Q

Pelvic girdle

A

Incomplete bony basin formed by the two coxal bones that secures the lower limbs to the sacrum of the axial skeleton.

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10
Q

Periosteum

A

Double-layered connective tissue that covers and nourishes the bone

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11
Q

Red marrow

A

Flexible tissue in the interior of bones. Found mostly in the flat bones.

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12
Q

Short bones

A

Bones that are as wide as they are long.

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13
Q

Shoulder girdle

A

Composite of two bones, scapula and clavicle, that attach the upper limb to the axial skeleton; also called the pectoral girdle.

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14
Q

Skull

A

Bony enclosure for the brain.

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15
Q

Diarthroses

A

A freely movable joint.

16
Q

Epiphyseal plate

A

Area at the long end of a bone that contains growing bone.

17
Q

Epiphysis

A

The end of a long bone

18
Q

Fibrous joint

A

Connections between bones that are held together by fibrous connective tissue that includes many collagen fibers

19
Q

Flat bones

A

Made up of a layer of spongy bone between two thin layers of compact bone. Their shape is flattened, not rounded. Examples include the skill and ribs. Flat bones have marrow, but not a bone marrow cavity.

20
Q

Intervertebral disks

A

The disks of fibrocartilage between the vertebrae

21
Q

Irregular bones

A

Classification of bones that refer to the bones that do not fit into the other classifications.

22
Q

Ligaments

A

Tissue connecting bone to bone

23
Q

Long bones

A

Bones that are longer in length than in width.

24
Q

Spongy bone

A

Network of irregularly-shaped sheets and spikes of bone.

25
Q

Synarthroses

A

An immovable joint

26
Q

Synovial joint

A

Freely movable joint exhibiting a joint cavity enclosed by an articular (fibrous) capsule lined with synovial membrane.

27
Q

Vertebral column

A

The spine, formed of a number of individual bones called vertebrae and two composite bones (sacrum and coccyx)

28
Q

Yellow marrow

A

Bone marrow in which fat cells dominate.