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Astronomy > Chapter 5 > Flashcards

Chapter 5 Flashcards

1
Q

Order of waves (left to right)

A 
gamma rays,
x-rays, 
ultraviolet, 
infrared, 
radio.
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2
Q

all light… (speed)

A

travels at same speed (300,000 km/s.)

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3
Q

what is wavelength?

A

the distance between adjacent peaks of the electric (and magnetic) field.

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4
Q

longer wavelength =

A

lower frequency

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5
Q

shorter frequency =

A

higher frequency which is dangerous

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6
Q

higher frequency equals

A

higher energy

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7
Q

c = (equation)

A

3.0 x 10^8 m/s

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8
Q

Atomic number =

A

of protons

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9
Q

Atomic Mass Number =

A

of protons + neutrons

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10
Q

the nucleus is 100,000 times smaller…

A

but contains all masses

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11
Q

Nucleus contains…

A

protons(red) and neutral neutrons (grey)

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12
Q

isotopes :

A

same # of protons but different # of neutrons (4He, 3He)

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13
Q

Molecules:

A

consists of two or more atoms (h2o, CO2)

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14
Q

how do light and matter interact?

A

emission
absorption
transmission
reflection or scattering

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15
Q

Emission means

A

to emit light

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16
Q

Absorption means

A

to absorb light

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17
Q

Transmission means

A

to pass light

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18
Q

why is a rose red?

A

it reflects red light

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19
Q

each type of atom has a ?

A

unique set of energy levels

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20
Q

each transition corresponds to..

A

a unique photon energy, frequency, and wavelength

21
Q

when do energy levels for electrons vary? (hydrogen)

A

from one element to another

22
Q

Downward _________ produce a unique pattern of ________ lines. (Emits a ______ of a specific ______)

A

transitions, emission

Photon, frequency

23
Q

Lower than red

A

Infrared. Slow movements

24
Q

Upward transitions produce

A

A pattern of ABSORPTION lines at the same WAVELENGTH

25
Q

From level 1 to level 2 it needs…

A

Ultraviolet

26
Q

Amount of nm that can send electron from level 2 to level 4?

A

486.1 nm

27
Q

Hotter objects emit

A

More light

28
Q

Hotter objects have

A

Higher average energy

29
Q

Why is Betelgeuse red?

A

It’s surface is cooler than that of the sun

30
Q

How do we generally measure the Doppler Effect?

A

From shifts in the wavelengths of spectral lines

31
Q

Doppler shift tells us only about the part of

A

An objects motion toward or away from us

32
Q

Rotating planet

A

Gives both red and blue shifted lines

33
Q

How do telescopes help us learn about the universe?

A
  • Telescopes collect more light than our eyes

- telescopes can see more detailed than our eyes

34
Q

More light than our eyes ➡️

A

Light collecting area

35
Q

More detail than our eyes ➡️

A

Angular resolution

36
Q

Largest Optical Telescope?

A

10.4m - Gran Telescopio Canarias (2007)

37
Q

2nd largest optical telescope?

A

10.2m - South African Large Telescope (2005)

38
Q

3rd largest optical telescope?

A

10m keck 1, Keck 2 (1993/1996)

39
Q

Diameter of Radio telescope in Puerto Rico?

A

305 meters

40
Q

Cons of Radio Telescope?

A

Very limited view, could only see in zenith

41
Q

What emits X-Rays!?

A

Million degree gas

42
Q

What does the first set of nested mirrors do?

A

Deflects X-rays to the second set

43
Q

What does the 2nd set do?

A

Deflects X-rays a second time to the focus point

44
Q

1st reason why we put telescopes into space?

A

Light pollution (avoid light from human sources)

45
Q

2nd reason why we place telescopes in space

A

Turbulence causes twinkling which Blurs Images (turbulence is in earths atmosphere)

46
Q

3rd reasons why we put telescopes in space?

A

Atmosphere absorbs most of EM spectrum, including all UV and Xray and most infrared.

47
Q

What is interferometry?

A

A technique that allows two or more telescopes to work together TO OBTAIN THE ANGULAR RESOLUTION of a large telescope

48
Q

which is hottest?
A) blue star
B) red star
C) planet that emits only infrared light

A

A) blue star

Blue stars are hotter than red

Astronomy (6 decks)

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