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Chapter 5 Flashcards

0
Q

Problems with the Articles

A
  • Congress cannot collect taxes

- Articles only a league of friendship

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1
Q

Articles of Confederation

A

A set of laws that established a limited national government with only a legislative branch

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2
Q

Constitution

A

A plan of government that describes the different parts of the government and their duties to the law

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3
Q

Democracy

A

A government by the people

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4
Q

Republic

A

A government run by the people through their elected representatives

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5
Q

In 1786, nationalists held a conference in ____,____, to discuss economic problems. The conference accomplished little because only ___ of the ___ agreed to call another convention in _______ in 1787

A

Annapolis, Maryland
12, 13
Philadelphia

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6
Q

In order to help pay off ifs ___ ___, Massachusetts passed the ____ ____ ____ ever.

A

Large debts

heaviest direct tax

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7
Q

Specie

A

gold or silver coin

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8
Q

Shays rebellion

A

a group of farmers led by Daniel Shays rebelled against these taxes in a crisis.

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9
Q

Shays rebellion demonstrated to many strong Americans that a ____ _____ _____ was needed to avoid civil unrest.

A

Stronger national government

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10
Q

Constitutional Convention

A

Delegates from 12 of the 13 colonies met in Philadelphia to try to fix the problems of the US government

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11
Q

United States Constitution

A

Document that has governed the US for over 200 years

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12
Q

James Madison

A

One influential delegate of the Constitutional Convention. He took detailed notes and was known as the father of constitution

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13
Q

Veto

A

Prohibit from becoming law any act of a state legislature and use force against a state should that state defy national authority

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14
Q

The Virginia Plan

A
  • Proposed a bicameral, or two-house, national legislature

- Each state would send representatives in proportion to the number of its citizens or population

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15
Q

The New Jersey Plan

A
  • Proposed a unicameral, or one-house national legislature, and the creation of executive and judicial branches
  • Each state would send the same number of representatives to the legislature
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16
Q

The Great Compromise

A

Delegates agreed to create a legislative branch made up of two houses. One house was the senate who would have the same number of representatives from each state. The second house, the House of Representatives, representation would be based on state population.

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17
Q

The Three-Fifths Compromise

A

Enslaves people were another complication on whether or not to include them in state population. So three fifths of the states slave population would be counted as ‘all other persons’ when determining representation

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18
Q

Separation of powers

A

Created to prevent any one of the three branches of government from acquiring too much power

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19
Q

Ratify

A

To Approve

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20
Q

Faction

A

A group that is concerned only with its own interests

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21
Q

For the constitution to become law _ of the _ states had to ratify it

A

9 13

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22
Q

Those who favored the constitution and wanted a strong national government were called ____

A

Federalists

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23
Q

what were the federalists papers?

A

A series of 85 essays, or papers, called the federalist

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24
those who opposed the constitution were called ____
Anti-Federalists
25
_____ believed that the federalists plan threatened state governments and the rights of individuals
Anti-Federalists
26
the anti-federalist included older revolutionary figures such as Patrick Henry and some former nationalist who wanted a ____ government but were unhappy with the ____
national | constitution
27
what impact did the anti-Federalist geographical location have on their opinion about the Constitution
they were smaller states and needed less government
28
according to the anti-Federalist a president would ______ a figure who's control American patriots had fought to escape. anti-Federalist also objected to the proposed federal ____
be nothing but a king | court system
29
The Federalist drew on the widespread feeling that the ____ of _____ had serious flaws
Articles | Confederation
30
The Federalist were a _____ well organized national group, while the anti-Federalist tended to consist of ___ politicians who do not coordinate their activities on a ___ level
united local national
31
The Federalist had an actual ______ and plan which they could defend. The anti-Federalist had no constructive plan on their own to offer
Constitution
32
The Federalist had the support of ___ ____ a respected Revolutionary war hero
George Washington
33
Delaware, New Jersey, and Connecticut quickly ratified the Constitution. In June 1788, _____ became the ninth and final state needed to ratify the constitution
New Hampshire
34
many Americans believed that the national Constitution, like most state constitutions, should include a clear declaration of the ___ of the people
Rights
35
in September 1789, Congress proposed ____ constitutional amendments, largely drafted by ____ _____ and designed to protect citizens rights
12 | James Madison
36
_____ of these amendments were ratified by the states. These 10 amendments became known as the ______
10 | bill of rights
37
The Federalist claimed that under the Constitution, the ____ and the ____ were the same. Therefore the people need to know additional statements to protect their rights.
people | government
38
inauguration
official swearing in ceremony for the president
39
cabinet
A group of federal leaders who both advise the president and the head national agencies
40
____ ____ was named secretary of state and ____ ____ became secretary of the treasury
Thomas Jefferson | Alexander Hamilton
41
domestic affairs
countries internal affairs
42
in addition to being a politician Jefferson was a ____, ____, and ____
planet writer inventor
43
___ ___was a chosen to head the government largest department the department of ____
Alexander Hamilton | treasury
44
Amend
Revise
45
Checks and Balances
This system gives each branch of government the power to check, or stop, the branches in other ways
46
Electoral College
Groups of electors
47
In 1790, Congress approved ____ plan to allow the ____ government to take responsibility for debts acquired by individual states
hamilton | federal
48
by assuming state debts the ___ government indirectly increased ___. Since creditors now had an interest in the US, not just individual states, they would help ensure the new ____ to not ____.
federal strength nation collapse
49
Terriff
tax on imported goods
50
interest
extra sum of money that borrowers pay creditors in return for loans
51
loose construction
Government could take any action that the Constitution did not forbid
52
strict construction
Government should not take any actions other than those specifically called for in the Constitution
53
administration
term of office
54
precedents
an act or statement that becomes an example, rule, or tradition to be followed
55
The residents act of 1790 specified a 10 mi.² stretch of land on the border between ____ and ____ for the new capital this area to be called the ___ _ _____ would be governed by _____ ____ not by either state
maryland Virginia District of Columbia Federal authorities
56
Benjamin Bennecker
african-American mathematician
57
pierre- charles l'enfant
developed the city plan
58
Who had the power of the articles of confederation
legislative branch
59
what were the legislative branch weaknesses and strengths with the articles of Confederation
Congress cannot collect taxes and the articles of Confederation were only a league of friendship
60
describe the relationship of the states according to the articles of Confederation
all the states had all the power
61
Who are the Nationalists and what type of government do they prefer
they were the Federalists and they wanted a strong national government
62
what rolled to the Annapolis convention play? why was it a failure?
it was to discuss economic problems but only 12 delegates agreed to have another in Philadelphia
63
Who was the father of the Constitution
James Madison
64
why did anti-Federalist feel a bill of rights was necessary to the constitution? Why did Federalist think it wasn't necessary?
federalists believed people and the government were the same so the people need no additional government. anti-Federalist believed that it threatened state government and the rights of individuals
65
what was the bill of rights
The first 10 amendments
66
what rolls/jobs did Thomas Jefferson and Alexander Hamilton play?
they were both part of Washington's cabinet. Thomas Jefferson was named secretary of the state and Alexander Hamilton became secretary of the treasury.
67
what details were involved in planning for the capital city and who planned it?
The residents act of 1790 specified a 10 mi.² stretch of land on the border between Maryland and Virginia for the new capital. This area, to be called, the district of Columbia. It would be governed by federal authorities, not by either state. Benjamin Banneker was an African-American mathematician and Pierre-Charles L'Enfant developed the city plan.
68
The executive branch of government
– Headed by Pres - executes or put into action the laws passed by government enter - Congress carried out duties
69
The legislative branch of government
- responsible for making laws - carried out by Congress - some legislative progress was carried under by the articles
70
The judicial branch of government
- made up of courts and judges | - interpret and apply the laws in cases brought before them

History (9 decks)

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