Chapter 5 Flashcards
circulatory systems consists of
blood, blood vessels, heart
blood functions
transport medium for cellular nutrition, excretion, communication
pulmonary arteries
carry de-oxygenated blood from the right ventricle of the heart to lungs to expel carbon dioxide and pick up more oxygen before returning via the pulmonary vein to the left atrium of the heart
what are the atrioventricular valves?
1) tricuspid valve between the right ventricle and right atrium; 2) bicuspid (mitral) valve between the left atrium and left ventricle. valves closing produce “lubb” of lubb-dubb sound.
what are the semilunar valves?
1) the aortic semilunar valve between the base of the aorta and the left ventricle; 2) the pulmonary semilunar valve between the pulmonary trunk and the right ventricle (makes the “dubb” sound of the lubb-dubb heart beat upon closing
what are the sino-atrial node and atrio-ventricular nodes?
the heart’s pacemaker, which sends electrical impulses which cause the atria and ventricles to contract
basic blood vessel names
artery, arteriole, capillary, venule, vein
composition of blood
1) plasma (46-63%); 2) formed elements (37-54%)
composition of plasma
92% water, 7% plasma proteins, 1% electrolytes, organic nutrients and waste
composition of blood formed elements
99.9% red blood cells, 0.1% white blood cells and platelets
where are red blood cells created?
in the bone marrow
what is an infection?
an inflammatory response provoked by an invasion of microbes (bacteria, virus, fungi, parasites)
What are 3 types of plasma proteins?
Albumins, globulins, fibrinogen
What is hemostasis?
The body’s ability to stop bleeding.
