Chapter 5-2 and 5-3

Question 1

Define solubility

Answer 1

the maximum amount of solute that can dissolve in a solvent at a specific temperature

Question 2

In solubility, explain the “like dissolves like” concept

Answer 2

polar molecules are most soluble when mixed with polar solvents

nonpolar molecues are most soluble when mixed with nonpolar solvents

Question 3

Is water a polar or nonpolar solvent?

Answer 3

polar

Question 4

Are ionic and polar covalent compounds soluble in water?

Answer 4

yes

Question 5

are nonpolar covalent compounds soluble in water?

Answer 5

no

Question 6

what does it mean when a solution is unsaturated?

Answer 6

more solution can be added and still dissolve in the solute

Question 7

what does it mean to be saturated?

Answer 7

no more solute can dissolve in the solution

Question 8

Does temperature or pressure or both affect the solubility of (most) solids?

Answer 8

temperature

Question 9

Does temperature or pressure or both affect the solubility of gases?

Answer 9

both

Question 10

Does the solubility of solids go up or down with an increase in temperature?

Answer 10

goes up

Question 11

What happens to the motion of gas molecules as temperature increases?

Answer 11

it increases

Question 12

does the solubility of gases increase or decrease with an increase in temperature? why?

Answer 12

decrease because the molecules are speeding up and do not connect

Question 13

does the solubility of gas increase or decrease with an increase of pressure? why?

Answer 13

increase because the gas molecules will bump into each other more and into the solvent molecule

Question 14

Are fat soluble items polar or nonpolar?

Answer 14

nonpolar

Question 15

Are fat soluble items soluble in nonpolar or polar solvents?

Answer 15

nonpolar

Question 16

Can fat soluble vitamins be stored in the body?

Answer 16

yes

Question 17

are water soluble vitamins stored in the body?

Answer 17

no, they are used and absorbed by the body