Chapter 4-1 Heat and Energy Flashcards
How is energy defined to a chemist?
the ability to do work
How is work defined in chemistry?
movement of matter against resistance
Explain kinetic energy
the energy an object in motion has that depends on its mass and how fast it is moving
Explain potential energy
the energy an object could produce based on its position and mass
What is the law of conservation energy?
energy cannot be created or destroyed, only transferred
atoms are always in motion, so do they have kinetic or potential energy?
kinetic
what is the random kinetic energy of atoms called?
thermal energy
is thermal energy the same as temperature?
no
how are thermal energy and temperature different?
thermal energy depends on the amount and chemical makeup of the substance, where temperature does not
what is thermal energy added to or removed from a substance called?
heat
what is the formula for the relationship between heat and temperature change?
heat = mass x temperature change x specific heat
must the temperature change in the heat/temperature relationship equation be in C or F degrees?
celcius
what unit is heat measured in?
calories (cal)
lowerase c
what is specific heat in the heat equation
the conversion factor that helps with translating temperature changes into energy
what unit of measure for mass must be used in the temperature/heat relationship equation?
g
