Chapter 5

Question 1

How are fatty acids classified?

Answer 1

By chain length:

Short = <10 carbons
Medium = 12-14 carbons
Long = >16 carbons

And by degree of saturation:

Saturated = no double bonds
Monounsaturated = 1 double bond
Polyunsaturated = 2+ double bonds

Question 2

Provide examples of saturated, monounsaturated, and polyunsaturated lipids

Answer 2

Saturated (often solid at room temp)
- butterfat, coconut, palm oils

Monounsaturated:
- canola and olive oils

Polyunsaturated:
- plant and fish oils

Question 3

Briefly explain lipid digestion

Answer 3

In the stomach:
- little fat digestion

In the small intestine:
- bile needed to emulsify lipids and chyme
- pancreatic lipase (enzyme) splits it into smaller particles

Question 4

What do the different types of lipoproteins transport?

Answer 4

Chylomicrons: dietary lipid and carrier proteins, transports fats through watery blood fluids

Very low density lipoprotein (VLDL): transports triglycerides and lipid synthesized in liver cells

Low density lipoprotein (LDL): transports lipids and cholesterol

High density lipoprotein (HDL): return cholesterol in body cells