Chapter 5 Flashcards
Industrial Revolution
Time were new invention were made to help the production of goods
Agricultural Revolution
Time where new forms of agriculture were developed
Enclosure
The process of taking and owning your own farmland
Crop Rotation
Changing crops in a field to help restore nutrients in the soil
Cottage Industry (Putting Out System)
Giving cotton to peasants so they can produce cloth
Reasons why Britain was First to industrialize
- Natural Resources
- Demand and Capital
- Strong government
Textile Industry
Britain’s first large industry, the processing of cotton to cloth
Steam Engine - James Watt
The first engine to be created, essential to Industrial Revolution
Eli Whitney
Inventor who created the cotton gin
Urbanization
When people started to move into cities
Tenements
Cheap cramp apartments were workers lived
Labor unions
Groups that helped protect workers
Thomas Malthus
Saw that population was increasing faster than the food supply
Socialism
Groups of people would own and control means of production
Means of production
Factories, farms, or businesses that produced or distributed goods
Utopians - Robert Owen
Believed in the creation of a perfect society
Karl Marx
Created his own form of Socialism, Communism
Communism
Form of socialism where the struggle between social classes would lead to a classless society where means of production is controlled by community
Proletariat
Nickname for industrial workers
Laissez-Faire - Adam Smith
Government cannot interfere with production
Capitalism
A single person owns and controls the means of production
Utilitarianism - Jong Stuart Mill
All people need to be happy and everyone should receive the same pay
