Chapter 2 Flashcards
Natural law
Laws that already exist within nature
Enlightenment
Period of time where new ideas were brought up
Thomas Hobbes
Believed that people cannot be trusted and wanted an absolute monarch
Social Contract
An agreement where people gave their freedom to be part of an organized society
Natural rights
Rights that belong to people from birth
Philosphe
Enlightenment thinkers who implemented their ideas into types of governments
Montesquieu
Believed that the powers of government should be split into three branches: legislative, executive, and judicial
Voltaire
Fought for political and religious freedom
Diderot
Wrote the encyclopedia
Mary Wollstonecraft
Fought for women’s rights during the Enlightenment
Rousseau
Believed that people are naturally good but needed minimal control
Physiocrat
Enlightenment thinkers who based their thoughts on natural laws
Adam Smith
Argued in favor of the Laissez-faire policy
Laissez-faire
Policy where government cannot interfere with production
Censorship
The loss of freedom of speech
Salons
Secret meeting where Enlightenment thinkers exchange their ideas
Enlightenment despots
Rulers that began to implement Enlightenment ideas
Thomas Jefferson
Wrote the Declaration of Independence
Declaration of Independence
Document that includes John Locke’s ideas to protect people natural rights
Popular Sovereignty
States that the governments power comes from the people
United States Bill of Rights
The first ten amendments to the constitution
