chapter 5

Question 1

bottom up processing

Answer 1

• physical stimuli influences how we percieve them

Question 2

top down processing

Answer 2

• existing knowledge of objects influences how we perceive them

Question 3

recognition

Answer 3

• ability to match a currently viewed item with an item in memory
• perceptual matching of something currently present to our visual system with a stored representation in memory

Question 4

representation

Answer 4

• process translating stimulus information into a perceptual experience of that stimulus

Question 5

perceptual organization

Answer 5

• multiple objects in the environment are grouped allowing us to identify multiple objects in complex scenes

Question 6

grouping

Answer 6

• elements in a figure are brought together into a common unit or object

Question 7

segregation

Answer 7

• process of distinguishing 2 objects as being distinct or discrete

Question 8

figure ground organization

Answer 8

• experience viewers have as which part of an image is front and which part of an image is in the background of a scene

Question 9

gestalt laws of perceptual grouping
good continuation

Answer 9

• smooth edges, more likely to be seen as continuous

Question 10

gestalt laws of perceptual grouping
law of proximity

Answer 10

• elements close together are seen as a unified group

Question 11

gestalt laws of perceptual grouping
law of similarity

Answer 11

• elements that are similar are seen as a unified group, any similarity

Question 12

gestalt laws of perceptual grouping
law of symmetry

Answer 12

• elements symmetrical perceived as a unified group

Question 13

gestalt laws of perceptual grouping
law of common fate

Answer 13

• elements moving together seen as a unified group

Question 14

edge completion

Answer 14

• perception of a physically absent but inferred edge, complete the perception of a partially hidden object

Question 15

perceptual interpolation

Answer 15

• being able to see an object as a whole even if it is partially obstructed

Question 16

illusory contours

Answer 16

• perceptual edges that exist because of edge completion but are not physically present

Question 17

geons

Answer 17

• basic units of objects, consisting of simple shapes such as cylinders and pyramids

Question 18

recognition by components

Answer 18

• theory stating object recognition occurs by representing each object as a combination of basic units (geons)
• we recognise objects by geons

Question 19

viewpoint invariance

Answer 19

• an object does not change when the observer sees the object from a new vantage point

Question 20

V4

Answer 20

• area of the brain involved in color vision and shape perception

Question 21

inferotemporal area

Answer 21

• area of the temporal lobe involved in object perception, recieves input from V4 and other areas in the occipital lobe

Question 22

fusiform face area

Answer 22

• area in the inferotemporal area of the temporal lobe that specializes in recognising familiar faces