Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

sensation and perception > chapter 1 > Flashcards

chapter 1 Flashcards

1
Q

senses

A

vision
hearing
smell
taste
touch
pressure
cold/heat
pain
itch
vestibular
proprioception

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

sensation

A
  • registration of a physical stimulus on our sensory receptors
  • sensation changes physical stimuli into information in our nervous systems
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

perception

A
  • turning the sensory input into meaningful conscious experience
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

stimulus

A
  • an element of the world around us that impinges on our sensory systems
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

attended stimuli

A
  • stimuli that is important/interesting/ relevant and paying attention to that as opposed to other information
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

transduction

A
  • process of converting a physical stimulus into an electrochemical signal
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

receptors

A
  • specialised neural cells that transform a physical stimulus into an electrochemical signal/neural response
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

neural response

A
  • signal produced by the receptor cells, then sent to the brain
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

transduction
vision

A
  • rods and cones in the eye transduce the physical energy of light into an electrochemical signal
  • transmitted to the brain via the optic nerve
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

transduction
hearing

A
  • hair cells convert the vibrating of the cochlear membrane, vibrates in response to sound into a neural response
  • transmitted to the brain via the auditory/cochlear nerve
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

transduction
taste

A
  • taste bud cells convert the presence of a particular chemical (ie sugar) into a neural response
  • transmitted to the brain via gustatory nerves
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

sensation and perception difference example

A
  • sensation allows us to hear sounds but perception allows us to appreciate music
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

action

A
  • any motor activity
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

phenomenology

A
  • our subjective experience of perception
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

motion aftereffect

A
  • sensory experience that occurs after prolonged experience of a visual motion in one particular direction
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

doctrine of specific nerve energies

A
  • it is the specific neurons activated that determine the particular type of experience
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

constructivist approach

A
  • idea that perceptions are constructed using information from our senses and cognitive processes
  • inadequate
17
Q

unconscious inference

A
  • perception is not adequately determined by sensory information, so inference is part of the process, past experiences
  • not active problem solving but nonconscious cognitive process
18
Q

Weber’s law

A
  • a just noticeable difference between two stimuli is related to the magnitude of strength of the stimuli
19
Q

psychophysics

A
  • study of the relation between physical stimuli and perception
20
Q

fechners law

A
  • sensation is a logarithmic function of physical intensity
  • sensory experience changes at a lower rate than does the physical intensity, perception of the stimulus increases at a lower rate than the actual intensity of the stimulus
    eg. 20db is 10x louder than 10db in terms of physical stimulus
21
Q

gestalt psychology

A
  • a school of thought claiming that we view the world in terms of general patterns and well organized structures rather than separable individual elements
22
Q

laws of gestalt psychology

A
23
Q

direct perception (gibsonian approach) / ecological view to perception

A
  • information in a sensory world is complex and abundant
  • perceptual systems need only directly perceive such complexity
24
Q

information processing approach

A
  • perceptual and cognitive systems can be viewed as the flow of information from one process to another
25
Q

computational approach

A
  • the necessary computations the brain would need to carry out to perceive the world are specified
26
Q

neuroscience

A
  • the study of structures and processes in the nervous system and brain
27
Q

microelectrode

A
  • device so small it can penetrate a single neuron in the mammalian central nervous system without destroying the cell
28
Q

neuropsychology

A
  • study of the relation of brain damage to changes in the brain
29
Q

agnosia

A
  • a deficit in some aspect of perception as a result of brain damage
30
Q

prosopagnosia

A
  • face agnosia, deficit in perceiving faces
31
Q

amusia

A
  • brain damage interferes with the perception of music but not other aspects of auditory processing
32
Q

neuroimaging

A
  • technologies that allow us to map living intact brains as they engage in tasks
33
Q

delk and fillenbaum 1956
cognitive penetration experiment
aim

A
  • investigate whether previous knowledge about objects influences color perception
34
Q

delk and fillenbaum 1956
cognitive penetration experiment
procedure

A
  • involved objects associated the red (apple, lips, symbolic heart)
  • objects not associated with red (mushroom, bell)
  • all figures made out of the same red cardboard
  • asked participants to match the color of figures to the color of their background varying from light to dark red
35
Q

delk and fillenbaum 1956
cognitive penetration experiment
results

A
  • red associated objects required more red in the background to be judged as a match than did the objects not associated with red
36
Q

delk and fillenbaum 1956
cognitive penetration experiment
conclusion

A
  • suggests that the knowledge of the objects influenced participants to perceive them as being more red than other objects
37
Q

delk and fillenbaum 1956
cognitive penetration experiment
evaluation

A
  • findings were replicated
  • artificial task
  • alternative explanations for results
38
Q

cognitive penetration

A
  • cognitive and emotional factors influence the phenomenology of perception
39
Q

cognitive impenetrability

A
  • perception is not affected by cognitive factors, only our report of it
40
Q

time to time collision

A
  • estimate of the time it will take for an approaching object to contact another
41
Q

size-arrival effect

A
  • bigger approaching objects are seen as being more likely to collide with the viewer than smaller approaching objects

sensation and perception (4 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions