Chapter 5

Question 1

_________________ is concentration of mental activity

Answer 1

attention

Question 2

__________________ is when subjects wear headphones and 2 messages come through each ear. The participant is told to pay attention to whats coming in the right ear and ignore the left ear.

Answer 2

Dichotic Listening

Question 3

_________________ is when for example if you are at a party and you are talking to someone but hear your name in the distance it will grab your attention

Answer 3

Cocktail Party Effect

Question 4

people with ________________ tend to be able focus on things better (e.g. ignore the cocktail effect)

Answer 4

High working memory capacities

Question 5

___________________ is when the subject is told to as quickly as possible name the colour of something when the colour of the colour name is in a different colour (e.g. the word blue is coloured in green font)

Answer 5

Stroop task

Question 6

The _________________ is the finding that people are slower and/or make more mistakes when the ink colour does not match the colour name.

Answer 6

Stroop effect

Question 7

The goal of the _______________ is to selectively attend to the ink colour and ignore the words listed

Answer 7

Stroop task

Question 8

The _________________ is the idea that cognitive processes are a big net.

Answer 8

Parallel distributing processing account

Question 9

Word reading is ________________

Answer 9

automatic

Question 10

Colour naming requires _______________

Answer 10

more control

Question 11

______________ where you’re blind because your attention was directed elsewhere (e.g. gorilla video)

Answer 11

unintentional blindness

Question 12

_______________ is when our attentional processes aren’t fast enough to keep up

Answer 12

Attentional blink

Question 13

________________ is when someone is completely lacking in consciousness for events of their lives but do show the effects of those events

Answer 13

Amnesia

Question 14

__________________ is the process of bringing the unconscious to mind (e.g. What did you do last night?)

Answer 14

Consciousness

Question 15

conscious of the _____________ of memory but no insight into the ______________ involved
(e.g. What is your name?)

Answer 15

products and processes

Question 16

_______________ is when an individual can perform accurately on a recognition test for an object but have no awareness of seeing the object

Answer 16

Blindisght

Question 17

________________ is the brain’s selective attention mechanisms that determine which sensory information is processed further and which is filtered out. Subliminal stimuli may capture attention subconsciously.

Answer 17

Subliminal perception/attention

Question 18

People with __________ can perform quite well on certain vision tests

Answer 18

Blindsight

Question 19

People with ______________ can give information about the object but do not have the consciousness of seeing it.

Answer 19

Blindsight

Question 20

one ________________ of the Bottleneck Theories of Attention is that people can improve their attention abilities

Answer 20

weakness

Question 21

For the Bottleneck Theories of Attention, _________________ go through the bottom of the bottle, and _______________ go up through the bottle neck

Answer 21

Numerous sensory outputs, attended information

Question 22

________________ invloves:
no conscious thought
parallel processing
easy/highly-familiar tasks

Answer 22

Automatic Processing

Question 23

_________________ involves:
intentional effort
serial processing
difficult/unfamiliar tasks

Answer 23

Controlled Processing

Question 24

Conscious controlled processing is ___________ than automatic processing

Answer 24

Slower

Question 25

_______________ is when features are registered automatically, effortlessly, unconsciously, and in parallel

Answer 25

Distributed Attention

Question 26

_____________________ requires conscious effort; is necessary when objects are complex or when the task is difficult

Answer 26

Focused Attention

Question 27

____________________ is the gradual reduction of the orienting response back to baseline

Answer 27

Habituation

Question 28

_______________________ is the reflexive redirection of attention that orients an individual to an unexpected stimulus (e.g. hearing a loud noise)

Answer 28

Orienting Reflex

Question 29

_____________________:
- make larger jumps between fixations
- are less likely to make regressions back to previous words
- tend not to pause for as long between saccades

Answer 29

Good readers

Question 30

__________________ is lack of consciousness for neglected space

Answer 30

Visual Neglect

Question 31

_______________ refers to what the person is actually looking at

Answer 31

Overt attention

Question 32

The ____________ you stare at something, the more _____________ you get

Answer 32

Longer, more

Question 33

People stare at eyes because its how you can detect ____________

Answer 33

Emotional expression

Question 34

_________________ show eye movement patterns

Answer 34

Saccadic Eye Movements

Question 35

If a word is unfamiliar or hard to spell our eyes ______________ on it

Answer 35

Fixate

Question 36

Posterior means __________

Answer 36

Front

Question 37

anterior means ___________

Answer 37

Back

Question 38

The _____________ is responsible for shifting attention to different spatial locations (e.g. looking for a friend in a crowd)

Answer 38

Posterior Attention Network

Question 39

Damage to the Posterior Attention Network causes “___________________”

Answer 39

Visual neglect

Question 40

The _______________________ is responsible for inhibiting automatic responses to stimuli

Answer 40

Anterior Attention Network

Question 41

The Anterior Attention Network is in the ___________________ lobe

Answer 41

Frontal lobe