Chapter 5 Flashcards
_________________ is concentration of mental activity
attention
__________________ is when subjects wear headphones and 2 messages come through each ear. The participant is told to pay attention to whats coming in the right ear and ignore the left ear.
Dichotic Listening
_________________ is when for example if you are at a party and you are talking to someone but hear your name in the distance it will grab your attention
Cocktail Party Effect
people with ________________ tend to be able focus on things better (e.g. ignore the cocktail effect)
High working memory capacities
___________________ is when the subject is told to as quickly as possible name the colour of something when the colour of the colour name is in a different colour (e.g. the word blue is coloured in green font)
Stroop task
The _________________ is the finding that people are slower and/or make more mistakes when the ink colour does not match the colour name.
Stroop effect
The goal of the _______________ is to selectively attend to the ink colour and ignore the words listed
Stroop task
The _________________ is the idea that cognitive processes are a big net.
Parallel distributing processing account
Word reading is ________________
automatic
Colour naming requires _______________
more control
______________ where you’re blind because your attention was directed elsewhere (e.g. gorilla video)
unintentional blindness
_______________ is when our attentional processes aren’t fast enough to keep up
Attentional blink
________________ is when someone is completely lacking in consciousness for events of their lives but do show the effects of those events
Amnesia
__________________ is the process of bringing the unconscious to mind (e.g. What did you do last night?)
Consciousness
conscious of the _____________ of memory but no insight into the ______________ involved
(e.g. What is your name?)
products and processes
_______________ is when an individual can perform accurately on a recognition test for an object but have no awareness of seeing the object
Blindisght
________________ is the brain’s selective attention mechanisms that determine which sensory information is processed further and which is filtered out. Subliminal stimuli may capture attention subconsciously.
Subliminal perception/attention
People with __________ can perform quite well on certain vision tests
Blindsight
People with ______________ can give information about the object but do not have the consciousness of seeing it.
Blindsight
one ________________ of the Bottleneck Theories of Attention is that people can improve their attention abilities
weakness
For the Bottleneck Theories of Attention, _________________ go through the bottom of the bottle, and _______________ go up through the bottle neck
Numerous sensory outputs, attended information
________________ invloves:
no conscious thought
parallel processing
easy/highly-familiar tasks
Automatic Processing
_________________ involves:
intentional effort
serial processing
difficult/unfamiliar tasks
Controlled Processing
Conscious controlled processing is ___________ than automatic processing
Slower
_______________ is when features are registered automatically, effortlessly, unconsciously, and in parallel
Distributed Attention
_____________________ requires conscious effort; is necessary when objects are complex or when the task is difficult
Focused Attention
____________________ is the gradual reduction of the orienting response back to baseline
Habituation
_______________________ is the reflexive redirection of attention that orients an individual to an unexpected stimulus (e.g. hearing a loud noise)
Orienting Reflex
_____________________:
- make larger jumps between fixations
- are less likely to make regressions back to previous words
- tend not to pause for as long between saccades
Good readers
__________________ is lack of consciousness for neglected space
Visual Neglect
_______________ refers to what the person is actually looking at
Overt attention
The ____________ you stare at something, the more _____________ you get
Longer, more
People stare at eyes because its how you can detect ____________
Emotional expression
_________________ show eye movement patterns
Saccadic Eye Movements
If a word is unfamiliar or hard to spell our eyes ______________ on it
Fixate
Posterior means __________
Front
anterior means ___________
Back
The _____________ is responsible for shifting attention to different spatial locations (e.g. looking for a friend in a crowd)
Posterior Attention Network
Damage to the Posterior Attention Network causes “___________________”
Visual neglect
The _______________________ is responsible for inhibiting automatic responses to stimuli
Anterior Attention Network
The Anterior Attention Network is in the ___________________ lobe
Frontal lobe
