Chapter 48 Flashcards
Bactericidal
Drug of an agent that destroys or kills bacteria
Bacteriostatic
Drug or agent that slows or retards the multiplication of bacteria
Inflammation of the bladder
Cystitis
Inflammation of the kidney nephron
Pyelonephritis
Prostatitis
Inflammation of the kidney nephron
Urinary Tract Infection
Infection by pathogenic microorganisms of one or more structures of the urinary tract
Cystitis
Inflammation of the bladder
Nitrofurantoin (Macrobid)
Adverse reactions- nausea, anorexia, peripheral neuropathy, headache, bacterial superinfection
Trimethoprim and sulfamethoxazole (bactrim)
Adverse reactions- gi disturbances, allergic skin reactions, headache, anorexia glossitis, hypersensitivity
Phenazopyridine
Adverse reactions- headache, rash, prurotis, GI disturbances, red-orange discoloration of the urine, yellowish discoloration of the skin or sclera
Normal A1C Range
4.5-7
Prediabetes A1C Range
5.8-6.4
Diabetes A1C Range
6.5 or greater
Regular Insulin
Short and Rapid Acting Humulin R, Novolin R. Onset: 30-60 min Peak: 2-4 hrs Duration: 5-8 hrs
Aspart Insulin
Short and Rapid Acting NovoLog Onset: 5-15 min Peak: 1-3 hrs Duration: 3-5 hrs
Glulisine Insuline
Short and Rapid Acting Apidra Onset: 15-30 min Peak: 30-60 min Duration: 4 hrs
Lispro
Short and Rapid Acting Humalog Onset: 5-10 min Peak 30-90 min Duration 3.5 hrs
Isophane Insulin Suspension (NPH)
Humulin N, Novolin N. Intermediate Acting Insulin Onset: 1.5 hrs Peak: 4-10hrs Duration: 14hrs
Insulin Detemir
Levemir Long Acting Insulin Onset: 3-4 hrs Peak: 6-8 hrs Duration: 24 hrs
Insulin Glargine
Lantus Long Acting Insulin Onset: 1 hr Peak: no peak Duration: 24 hrs
Novolog 70/30
Onset: 10-20 min
Peak: 1-1.5 hrs
Duration: 18-24 hrs
Humulin 70/30, Novolin 70/30
Onset: 30-60 min, then 1-2 hrs
Peak: 2-4 hrs, then 6-12 hrs
Duration: 6-8hrs then 18-24 hrs
Metformin (glucophage)
Uses: Prediabetes, type 2
Adverse reactions: Nausea, vomiting, flatulence, diarrhea
Glimepiride (Amayle) -3rd generation
Uses: Type 2 diabetes
Adverse reactions: Nausea, weight gain, headache, epigastric discomfort, heartburn, hypoglycemia
Glipizide (Glucotrol) -2nd generation
Uses: Type 2 diabetes
Adverse reactions: Nausea, weight gain, headache, epigastric discomfort, heartburn, hypoglycemia
Glyburide (DiaBeta) -2nd generation
Uses: Type 2 diabetes
Adverse reactions: Nausea, weight gain, headache, epigastric discomfort, heartburn, hypoglycemia
Glucagon
Uses: Hypoglycemia
Adverse reactions: Nausea, vomiting, generalized allergic reactions
