Chapter 33

Question 1

Anuria

Answer 1

Cessation of urine production

Question 2

Azotemia

Answer 2

Absence of urine production

Question 3

Diuresis

Answer 3

Production of urine

Question 4

Gynecomastia

Answer 4

Male breast enlargement

Question 5

Hyperkalemia

Answer 5

Increase in potassium levels in the blood

S/S- irritability, anxiety, confusion, muscle cramps, numbness, nausea, diarrhea, cardiac arrhythmia, flaccid paralysis

Question 6

Hypokalemia

Answer 6

Normal values 3.5-5.0
Low blood potassium level
S/S- anorexia, nausea and vomiting, muscle twitching, depression, confusion, bradycardia, impaired though processes, drowsiness

Question 7

Hyponatremia

Answer 7

Normal values 132-145

S/S- cold clammy skin, decreased skin turgor, confusion, hypotension, irritability, tachycardia

Question 8

Hypomagnesemia

Answer 8

Normal values 1.5-2.5
S/S- Leg and foot cramps, hypertension, tachycardia, neuromuscular irritability, tremor, hyperactive deep tendon reflexes, confusion, visual or auditory hallucinations, paresthesias.

Question 9

Bumetanide

Answer 9

Loop Diuretic

Uses- edema caused by HF, cirrhosis of the liver, renal disease, acute pulmonary edema

Adverse reactions- Electrolyte and hematologic imnbalances, anorexia, nausea, vomiting, dizziness, rash, photosensitivity, orthostatic hypotension, glycosuria

Question 10

Furosemide (Lasix)

Answer 10

Loop Diuretic

Uses- edema caused by HF, cirrhosis of the liver, renal disease, acute pulmonary edema, hypertension

Adverse reactions- Electrolyte and hematologic imnbalances, anorexia, nausea, vomiting, dizziness, rash, photosensitivity, orthostatic hypotension, glycosuria

Question 11

Spironolactone (Aldactone)

Answer 11

Potassium-Sparing Diuretic

Uses- HF, hypertension, prevention of hypokalemia in at-risk patients, polyuria prevention with lithium use.

Adverse reactions- headache, dizziness, nausea, anorexia, diarreha, vomiting, weaknes, fatigue, rash, hypotension

Question 12

Hydrochlorothiazide (Microzide)

Answer 12

Thiazide

Uses- Hypertension, edema caused by HF, cirrhosis, corticosteroid, and estrogen therapy

Adverse reactions- Orthostatic hypotension, dizziness, vertigo, lightheadedness, weakness, anorexia, gastric distress, nausea, diarrhea, constipation, hematologic changes, rash, photosensitivity reactions, hyperglycemia, fluid and electrolyte imbalances, reduced libido