Chapter 42

Question 1

the routine of taking a long-acting insulin to keep blood glucose levels stable during fasting periods and shorter-acting insulin to prevent rises in blood glucose after meals

Answer 1

Basal/bolus insulin dose

Question 2

Disease in which insulin does not help glucose enter the cell

Answer 2

Diabetes Mellitus

Question 3

Life-threatening deficiency of insulin resulting in severe hyperglycemia and excessively high levels of ketones in the blood

Answer 3

Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA)

Question 4

What is Glucagon

Answer 4

The hormone secreted by the alpha cells of the pancreas that increase the concentration of glucose in the blood

Question 5

Glucometer

Answer 5

Used to monitor blood glucose level

Question 6

Glycosylated Hemoglobin

Answer 6

A blood test that monitors average blood glucose level over a 3- to 4- month period

Question 7

High blood glucose level

Answer 7

Hyperglycemia

Question 8

Low blood glucose level

Answer 8

Hypoglycemia

Question 9

Hormones that stimulate an increase of insulin from the beta cells of the pancreas; they slow gastric emptying and inhibit glucagon release

Answer 9

Incretin Hormones

Question 10

Lipodystrophy

Answer 10

Atrophy of subcutaneous fat

Question 11

Excessive thirst

Answer 11

Polydipsia

Question 12

Polyphagia

Answer 12

Eating large amounts of food

Question 13

Increased urine

Answer 13

Polyuria

Question 14

A condition of a blod glucose higher than normal yet not to diabetic level as evidence by an impaired glucose tolerance/fasting glucose, or metabolic syndrome

Answer 14

Prediabetes

Question 15

Rapid acting insulin (clear)

Answer 15

Onset 5-15 minutes
Peak 30-60 minutes
Duration 2-5 hours

Question 16

Short acting insulin (regular)

Answer 16

Onset 30-60 minutes
Peak 2.5-5 hours
Duration 4-8 hours

Question 17

Intermediate Acting (cloudy)

Answer 17

Onset 1.5 hours
Peak 4-12 hours
Duration 24 hours

Question 18

Long Acting (Lantus)

Answer 18

Onset 1 hour
Peak none
Duration 24 hours