Chapter 44 Respiratory Support And Therapies

Question 1

Artificial airways

Answer 1

Keep the airway patent ( open and unblocked )

Question 2

They are needed:

Answer 2

When disease, injury, secretions, or aspiration obstructs the airway
For mechanical ventilation
By some persons who are semi-conscious or unconscious
When the person is recovering from anesthesia

Question 3

Intubation

Answer 3

Means inserting an artificial airway

Question 4

These airways are common:

Question 5

Oropharyngeal airway

Answer 5

Inserted through the mouth and into the pharynx

Question 6

Endotracheal (ET)

Answer 6

Inserted through the mouth or nose and into the trachea
( a cuff inflated to keep the airway in place )

Question 7

Tracheostomy tube

Answer 7

Inserted through a surgically created opening into the trachea
( cuff tubes are common )

Question 8

Care measures

Answer 8

Vital signs and pulse oximetry are measured often
Observe for hypoxia and other signs/symptoms
If an airway comes out or is dislodged, tell the nurse at once
Frequent oral hygiene is needed
Comfort and reassure the person
Follow the care plan for communication methods
Always keep the call light within reach

Question 9

Tracheostomy

Answer 9

Is a surgically created opening into the trachea

Question 10

A tracheostomy tubes are temporary or permanent

Question 11

Tracheostomy tube has three parts

Answer 11

1- the obturator is used to guide the insertion for the outer cannula (tube)
2- the inner cannula is inserted and locked in place
3- the outer cannula is not removed

Question 12

The tube must NOT come out

Question 13

Secretions

Answer 13

Can collect in the airway]\

Question 14

Suction

Answer 14

Is the process of withdrawing or sucking up fluid

Question 15

The routes are used to suction the airway

Question 16

Oropharyngeal

Answer 16

The mouth and pharynx are suctioned

Question 17

Nasopharyngeal

Answer 17

The nose and pharynx are suctioned

Question 18

Lower airway

Answer 18

The suction catheter is passed through an ET or tracheostomy tube

Question 19

Mechanical ventilation

Answer 19

Is using a machine to move air into and out of the lungs

Question 20

An ET or tracheostomy tube is needed for mechanical ventilation

Question 21

Alarms sound when something is wrong

Answer 21

One alarms means the person is disconnected from the ventilator
When alarms sounds, first check to see if the person’s tube is attached to the ventilator
If not, attach it to the ventilator
Then tell the nurse at once about the alarm

Question 22

DO NOT rest alarms

Question 23

Chest tubes

Question 24

Air, blood, or fluid can collect in the pleural space ( sac or cavity ) when the chest is entered because of injury or surgery

Question 25

Pneumothorax

Answer 25

Is air in the pleural space

Question 26

hemothorax

Answer 26

Is blood in the pleural space

Question 27

Pleural effusion

Answer 27

Is the escape and collection of fluid in the pleural space

Question 28

Pressure occurs when air, blood, or fluid collects in the pleural space

Answer 28

-the pressure collapses the lungs
-air cannot reach affected alveoli
-O2 and CO2 are not exchanged
Respiratory distress and hypoxia result
Pressure on the heart affects the ability to pump blood

Question 29

Chest tubes are attached to a drainage system

Answer 29

This system must be airtight
Water-seal must be airtight