Chapter 44

Question 1

chemotaxis

Answer 1

the chemical attraction of leukocytes to the site of inflammation, which worsens an inflammatory response

Question 2

done nomogram

Answer 2

a standard data graph, originally published in 1960 in the journal Pediatrics, for rating the severity of aspirin toxicity following overdose. Serum salicylate levels are plotted against time elapsed since ingestion.

Question 3

gout

Answer 3

hyperuricemia (elevated blood uric acid level); the arthritis caused by tissue buildup or uric acid crystals

Question 4

inflammation

Answer 4

a localized protective response stimulated by injury to the tissues that serves to destroy, dilute, or wall off both the injurious agent and the injured tissue

Question 5

nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDS)

Answer 5

A large and chemically diverse group of drugs that possess analgesic, antiinflammatory, and antipyretic (fever-reducing) activity

Question 6

Salicylism

Answer 6

the syndrome of salicylate toxicity, including symptoms such as tinnitus (ringing sound in the ears), nausea, and vomiting

Question 7

How do prostaglandins mediate inflammation?

Answer 7

by inducing vasodilation and enhancing vasopermeability
-these actions potentiate the action of proinflammatory substances such as histamine and bradykine in the production of edema and pain

Question 8

What are some less well known effects of aspirin

Answer 8

-shown to reduce cardiac death after an MI and should be administered at the first sign of an MI

Question 9

Which has a more favorable adverse-effect profile: NSAIDs or corticosteroids?

Answer 9

-NSAIDs