Chapter 43 - Drugs, Toxins, & Chemical Agents Flashcards
Tetanospasmin interferes with the function of the reflex arc by blockade of which neurotransmitter? A. GABA B. Acetylcholine C. Dopamine D. Norepinephrine
A. GABA (p. 1216)
This structure in the spinal cord is preferentially affected in tetanus A. Renshaw cell B. Alpha motor neuron C. Gamma motor neuron D. Dorsal root ganglion
A. Renshaw cell (p. 1216)
Most common form of tetanus A. Generalized tetanus B. Local tetanus C. Cephalic tetanus D. All have more or less equal prevalence
A. Generalized tetanus (p. 1216)
Most benign form of tetanus A. Generalized tetanus B. Local tetanus C. Cephalic tetanus D. All are equally benign
B. Local tetanus (p. 1216)
Most fatal form of tetanus A. Generalized tetanus B. Local tetanus C. Cephalic tetanus D. All are equally fatal
C. Cephalic tetanus (p. 1216)
Most characteristic EMG finding in generalized tetanus
A. loss of silent period that occurs after reflex contraction
B. intermittent bursts of large motor unit potentials
C. decrementing response to repetitive nerve stimulation
D. none of the above
A. loss of silent period that occurs after reflex contraction (p. 1216)
Which of the following is NOT true regarding treatment of opioid overdose?
A. Nalmefene is a specific antidote to opiates and the synthetic analgesics.
B. Naloxone is given at 0.05 mg and repeated in larger increments q2min to a dose of 15 mg IV
C. Children need lower initial dose of naloxone
D. Failure of naloxone to produce improvement should cast doubt on the diagnosis of opioid intoxication
C. Children need lower initial dose of naloxone (p. 1202)
The following are advantages of naltrexone over naloxone EXCEPT A. Longer effect B. Almost free of agonist effects C. Can be given orally D. None of the above
D. None of the above (p. 1205)
Most important medical complication of opioid use A. HIV infection B. Endocarditis C. Septicemia D. Viral hepatitis
A. HIV infection (p. 1205)
This neurologic complication of opioid use is due to particulate matter injected with heroin
A. Occlusive stroke
B. Amblyopia
C. Peripheral neuropathy
D. Subacute progressive leukoencephalopathy
E. Transverse myelopathy
A. Occlusive stroke (p. 1205)
This neurologic complication of opioid use is due to quinine in heroine mixtures
A. Occlusive stroke
B. Amblyopia
C. Peripheral neuropathy
D. Subacute progressive leukoencephalopathy
E. Transverse myelopathy
B. Amblyopia (p. 1205)
This neurologic complication of opioid use is due to inhalation of heated heroin vapor/“chasing the dragon”
A. Occlusive stroke
B. Amblyopia
C. Peripheral neuropathy
D. Subacute progressive leukoencephalopathy
E. Transverse myelopathy
D. Subacute progressive leukoencephalopathy (p. 1205)
Most common extrapyramidal complication of phenothiazines and butyrophenones
A. Parkinsonian syndrome
B. Acute dyskinetic and dystonic reactions
C. Akathisia
D. Tardive dyskinesia
E. Neuroleptic malignant syndrome
A. Parkinsonian syndrome (p. 1209)
Most common adverse effect of all MAOI A. Unwanted stimulation B. Postural hypotension C. Convulsions D. Skin rash
B. Postural hypotension (p. 1211)
Which among the SNRIs should not be given in individuals with a history of seizures A. Venlafaxine B. Mirtazapine C. Citalopram D. Bupropion
D. Bupropion (p. 1212)