Chapter 40: Structure and Function of the Digestive System

Question 1

Histologically, the GI tract consists of 4 layers. From the inside out, they are the…

The layers vary in thickness and each layer has sublayers.

Answer 1

...mucosa
submucosa
muscularis
serosa (or adventitia, esophagus only)  
(p. 1394)

Question 2

The mucosa is made up of…

Answer 2

…mucous epithelium, lamina propria, and muscularis mucosae

p. 1394

Question 3

The submucosa contains…

Answer 3

…ducts and glands

p. 1394

Question 4

The muscularis layer contains…

Answer 4

…a circular muscle layer and a longitudinal muscle layer

p. 1394

Question 5

Where is somatostatin secreted from?

Answer 5

the mucosa of the stomach

p. 1397

Question 6

What is the stimulus for secretion of somatostatin?

Answer 6

presence of acid in the stomach

p. 1397

Question 7

What is the action of somatostatin?

Answer 7

It inhibits acid and pepsinogen secretion and release of gastrin.
(p. 1397)

Question 8

What cells secrete somatostatin?

Answer 8

D cells secrete somatostatin.

p. 1398

Question 9

Which organs are considered accessory organs of digestion?

Answer 9

liver, gallbladder, and pancreas

p. 1393

Question 10

Except for chewing, swallowing, and defecation of solid wastes, the activities of the digestive system are controlled by…

Answer 10

…hormones and the autonomic nervous system.

p. 1393

Question 11

The autonomic innervation, sympathetic and parasympathetic, is controlled by centers in the brain and by local stimuli that are mediated by…

Answer 11

…neural plexuses within the gastrointestinal walls.

p. 1393