Chapter 4 - Water Sources and Treatment Options

Question 1

The science dealing with the properties, distribution, and circulation in the atmosphere, on the earth’s surface, and below the earth’s surface.

Answer 1

Hydrology

Question 2

The movement of water to and from the surfaces of the Earth.

Answer 2

Hydrologic Cycle

Question 3

Water that moves off land and water surfaces into the atmosphere.

Answer 3

Evaporation

Question 4

The release of water into the air by plants, primarily through their leaves.

Answer 4

Transpiration

Question 5

Water movement with the air currents in the atmosphere.

Answer 5

Advection

Question 6

Water vapor in the air that forms tiny droplets.

Answer 6

Condensation

Question 7

Water that falls out of the atmosphere as rain, snow, or ice.

Answer 7

Precipitation

Question 8

The process of rainwater landing on vegetation, not reaching the ground.

Answer 8

Interception

Question 9

The process of rainwater reaching the ground, soaking through the soil.

Answer 9

Infiltration

Question 10

Water movement below the surface, influenced by gravity and the presence of natural barriers in the rock or soil.

Answer 10

Subsurface Flow

Question 11

Water that reaches the ground and flows to nearby water bodies.

Answer 11

Runoff

Question 12

Runoff that flows into small channels that feed into larger channels that carry rivers and streams.

Answer 12

Channel Flow

Question 13

The removal of water from circulation because it is frozen, held in a lake aboveground, or held in an aquifer belowground.

Answer 13

Storage

Question 14

Water that has collected as snow or ice that has been released as a liquid.

Answer 14

Snowmelt

Question 15

Subsurface water occupying the saturation zone, from which wells are springs are fed.
In a strict sense, the term applies only to water below the water table.

Answer 15

Groundwater

Question 16

A porous, water-bearing geologic formation.
Generally restricted to materials capable of yielding an appreciable supply of water.

Answer 16

Aquifer

Question 17

An indication of the volume of space within a given amount of material.

Answer 17

Porosity

Question 18

The characteristic of how easily water will flow through a material.

Answer 18

Permeability

Question 19

A location where groundwater emerges on the surface of the ground.

Answer 19

Spring

Question 20

All water on the surface, as distinguished from groundwater.

Answer 20

Surface Water

Question 21

An area from which surface runoff is carried away by a single drainage system.
Also called a catchment area, watershed, or watershed drainage area.

Answer 21

Drainage Basin

Question 22

Pleasing to the taste.

Answer 22

Palatable