Chapter 1 - Basic Microbiology and Chemistry Flashcards
A US government agency responsible for implementing federal laws designed to protect the environment.
US Environmental Protection agency (USEPA)
Anything found in water other than water itself.
Contaminant
A disease-causing organism.
Pathogen
An organism too small to be seen by the naked eye and visible only with a microscope.
Microorganism
An organism that lives within, and may cause harm to, other organisms.
Parasite
A one-celled microscopic organism that has no chlorophyll. Usually has a spherical, rodlike, or curved shape.
Bacteria
A bacterium of the coliform group used as a substitute for fecal coliforms in the regulations of the Total Coliform Rule.
Escherichia coli (E. coli)
A porous layer of paper, glass fiber, or cellulose acetate used to remove particulate matter from water samples and other chemical solutions.
Filter
The smallest and simplest form of life.
Virus
Small single-celled animals including amoebae, ciliates, and flagellates.
Protozoa
A protozoan that can survive in water and that causes human disease.
Giardia
A group of bacteria predominantly inhabiting the intestines of humans or animals, but occasionally found elsewhere.
Coliform bacteria
A laboratory method used for coliform testing that uses a nutrient broth placed in tubes.
Multiple-Tube Fermentation (MTF) method
Approved bacterial procedures for the detection of total coliforms.
MNO-MUG method and the
Presence-Absence (P-A) method
A laboratory method used to detect bacteria by capturing them on a membrane filter.
Membrane Filter (MF) method
A regulation that became effective December 31, 1990; doing away with the previous MCL relating to the density of organisms and relating only to the presence or absence of the organisms in water.
Total Coliform Rule
A laboratory method used to estimate the bacteria population present in the water (by culturing them on a specific agar).
Heterotrophic Plate Count (HPC)
The smallest particle of an element that still retains the characteristics of that element.
Atom
A positively charged particle located in the nucleus of an atom.
One of the three elementary particles of an atom (along with neutrons and electrons).
Proton
An uncharged elementary particle that has a mass approximately equal to that of the proton.
These are present in all known atomic nuclei except the lightest hydrogen nucleus.
Neutron
A tiny, negatively charged particle that orbits around the nucleus of an atom.
One of three elementary particles of an atom (along with protons and neutrons).
Electron
The center of an atom, made up of positively charged particles called protons and uncharged particles called neutrons.
Nucleus
The number of protons in the nucleus of an atom.
Atomic Number