Chapter 4 Technological Revolutions

Question 1

Give the definition of:

Revolution

Answer 1

Revolution: a dramatic change in the way society works. This change is often due to reasons such as political change or technological innovation.

Question 2

Give the definition of:

Palaeolithic

Answer 2

Paleolithic: The period when hominids and humans manufactured basic stone tools.
Paleo= old lithic=age.

Question 3

Give the definition of:

Neolithic

Answer 3

Neolithic: The ‘New stone age’ spanning from 10 000 to 3500 BCE. From 10 000 BCE, stone tools/composite technology became more refined.

Question 4

Give the definition of:

Hunter-gatherer

Answer 4

Hunter gatherer: A semi nomadic human living in a society in which most or all food is obtained by foraging. What is not obtained by foraging is hunted. Items such as roots, bulbs, and herbs are gathered by women while the men hunt wild animals.

Question 5

Give the definition of:

Agricultural revolution

Answer 5

Agricultural revolution: When semi-nomadic people stopped hunter gathering and instead stayed sedentary, and started using farming techniques to grow and harvest food.

Question 6

Give the definition of:

The Fertile Crescent

Answer 6

The fertile crescent: A crescent shaped region in the middle east, spanning modern-day Iraq, Syria, Lebanon, Palestine, Israel, Jordan, and Egypt, together with the southeastern region of Turkey and the western fringes of Iran.

Question 7

What does the Latin word “paleo” mean?

Answer 7

Old

Question 8

What does the Latin word “lithic” mean?

Answer 8

Stone Age

Question 9

Palaeolithic innovations include:

Answer 9

• control of fire
• early composite technology- combining wood/stone/bone into tools
• artwork
• communal living- dividing labour
• religious/fertility icons

Question 10

Palaeolithic humans were Hunter gatherers who….

Answer 10

Lived in small groups and foraged off the land.

Question 11

How did the Neolithic agricultural revolution change human society?

Answer 11

Ancient Humans went from semi nomadic Hunter-gatherers to a sedentary society. They planted crops, and farming came into practise. There was more food to go around, and the human population grew rapidly. Technology improved and advanced as time passed.

Question 12

What was the most important event of the Neolithic period?

Answer 12

The change in the way food was produced- this is referred to as the agricultural revolution.

Question 13

What was the result of the agricultural revolution?

Answer 13

Surplus food= population growth,

Question 14

What caused the agricultural revolution?

Answer 14

• changing climate
• suitable crops (e.g. wheat, maize, oats)
• suitable animals

Question 15

Apart from the agricultural revolution, what other event occurred during the Neolithic period?

Answer 15

Urban centres were established. Permanent settlements were made. Also, specialisation in jobs were created (e.g. farmers, priests, soldiers).

Question 16

What were the results of the establishment of urban towns/centres?

Answer 16

Rapid technological advances.

Question 17

How did the agricultural revolution lead to rapid technological advances in human society?

answers may vary. If you think sth here needs to be changed please let Luka or Ella know

Answer 17

The first agricultural revolution resulted in a steep increase in food production. This increase in food production fueled the human race, and the human population grew at a very swift rate. Society life improved- jobs were created (farmers, priests, soldiers, etc), and infrastructure would have improved as the population grew and more housing and other buildings were needed. Humans grew more curious and this would have led to technological advances in society. Better methods of farming would have been introduced as time went by, which in turn would have only increased the population growth even further.