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Honors Anatomy Ellie > Chapter 4 Skin & Body Membranes > Flashcards

Chapter 4 Skin & Body Membranes Flashcards

1
Q

Epithelial membranes

A
  • Cutaneous membranes
  • Mucous membranes
  • Serous membranes
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2
Q

Connective tissue membranes

A

-Synovial membranes

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3
Q

Cutaneous Membrane

A
  • Skin- dry membrane, outermost protective boundary
  • superficial epidermis is composed of keratinized stratified squamous epithelium
  • underlying dermis is mostly dense and connective tissue.
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4
Q

Mucous membranes

A
  • Surface epithelium type sends on site
  • underlying loose connective tissue
  • lines all body cavities that open to the exterior body surface
  • often adapted for absorption or secretion
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5
Q

Serous Membranes

A
  • Surface is a layer of simple squamous epithelium
  • underlying layer is a thin layer of connective tissue
  • lines open body cavities that we closed to the exterior of the body
  • serous membranes occur in pairs separated by serous fluid
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6
Q

Peritoneum

A

Serous membrane on the Abdominal cavity

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7
Q

Pleura

A

Serous membrane around the Lungs

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8
Q

Pericardium

A

Serous membrane around the Heart

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9
Q

Synovial membrane

A

CONNECTIVE TISSUE ONLY
•Lines the fibrous capsules surrounding the joints
•secretes a lubricating fluid

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10
Q

Integumentary system

A

Skin (cutaneous membranes)

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11
Q

Skin derivatives…

A

Sweat glands, Oil glands, Hair, and Nails

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12
Q

Functions of the integumentary system:

A

•protects deeper tissues from: mechanical damage, chemical damage, bacterial damage, ultraviolet radiation, heat or cold damage, drying out.

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13
Q

Epidermis

A

Outer layer

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14
Q

Dermis

A

Dense connective tissue

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15
Q

Melanin

A
  • Pigment (melanin) produced by melanocytes

* Amount of melanin produced depends on genetics and exposure to sunlight

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16
Q

Melanin (colors)

A

Yellow, brown, or black pigments

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17
Q

Carotene (colors)

A

Orange/yellow pigment from some vegetables

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18
Q

Hemoglobin (colors)

A

•Red coloring from blood cells in dermal capillaries- Oxygen content determines the extent of red coloring

19
Q

Sebaceous glands

A

Produces oil

-lubricant for skin, prevents brittle hair, kills bacteria.

20
Q

Sweat Glands

A

Produce sweat

Widely distributed in skin

21
Q

Sweats composition:

A

Mostly water
Salts and vitamin C
Some metabolic waste
Fatty acids and proteins (apocrine)

22
Q

Sweats function:

A

Helps dissipate excess heat
Excretes waste products
Acidic nature inhibits bacteria growth
(Odor is from associated from bacteria)

23
Q

Hair

A

Produced by hair follicle
Consists of hard keratinized epithelial cells
Melanocytes provide pigment for hair color

24
Q

Athletes foot is Caused by

A

fungal infection

25
Q

Cold sores are caused by

A

Virus

26
Q

Impetigo is caused by

A

Bacterial infection

27
Q

Psoriasis

A

Cause is unknown

Triggered by trauma, infection, and stress

28
Q

Burns: Rules of Nines

A

Way to determine the extent of burns
Body is divided into 11 areas for quick estimation
Each area represents 9% of total body surface area

29
Q

First degree burns

A

Only epidermis is damaged

Skin is red and swollen

30
Q

Second degree burns

A

Epidermis and upper dermis are damaged

Skin is red with blisters

31
Q

Third degree burns

A

Destroys entire skin layer

Burn is gray-white or black

32
Q

Benign

A

Does not spread

33
Q

Malignant

A

Metastasized (moves) to other parts of the body

34
Q

Most common type of cancer

A

Skin cancer

35
Q

Basal cell carcinoma

A

Least malignant

Most common type of skin cancer

36
Q

Squamous cell carcinoma

A

Metastasizes to lymph nodes if not removed.
Early removal allows good chance of cure.
Believed to be sun induced.

37
Q

Malignant melanoma

A

Most deadly of skin cancer.
Cancer of melanocytes.
Metastasizes rapidly to lymph nodes and blood vessels.
Detection uses ABCDE rule.

38
Q

ABCDE Rule: A

A

Asymmetry: two sides of pigmented mole do not match.

39
Q

ABCDE Rule: B

A

Border irregularity: borders of the mole are not smooth.

40
Q

ABCDE Rule: C

A

Color: different colors are in pigmented area

41
Q

ABCDE Rule: D

A

Diameter: spot is larger than 6mm in diameter

42
Q

ABCDE Rule: E

A

Evolution: is the spot getting bigger or changing shape?

43
Q

Functions of the body membranes

A
  • Cover body surfaces
  • Line body cavities
  • Form protective sheets around organs

Honors Anatomy Ellie (6 decks)

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