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Honors Anatomy Ellie > Chapter 1 Test Friday > Flashcards

Chapter 1 Test Friday Flashcards

1
Q

Physiology

A

The study of how the body and it’s parts work or function

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2
Q

Levels of structural organization

A

1) chemical level
2) cellular level
3) tissue level
4) organ level
5) organ system level
6) organismal level

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3
Q

Atoms

A

Tiny building blocks of matter, combine to form molecules (water, sugar,proteins)

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4
Q

Cells

A

Smallest units of all living things

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5
Q

Tissues

A

Consists of groups of similar cells that have a common function

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6
Q

Organ

A

A structure composed of 2 or more tissue types that performs a specific function for the body.

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7
Q

Organ system

A

A group of organs that work together to accomplish a common purpose.

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8
Q

Organism

A

Organ systems make up the living body or organism. Highest level of structural organization.

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9
Q

Integumentary system

A

External covering of the body.

Skin. Waterproofs, and cushions and protects the deeper tissues from injury.

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10
Q

Skeletal system

A

Consists of bones, cartilages, ligaments, and joints. Supports the body and provides a framework that the skeletal muscles use to cause movement.

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11
Q

Muscular system

A

Skeletal muscles form the muscular system.

Make you able to move.

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12
Q

Nervous system

A

The body’s fast acting control system.
Brain, spinal cord, nerves, and sensory receptors.
Helps the body to respond.

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13
Q

Endocrine System

A

Controls the body’s activities but it acts slowly.

Producer of hormones.

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14
Q

Cardiovascular System

A

Heart and Blood vessels

Uses blood as the transporting fluid.

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15
Q

Lymphatic System

A

Picks up fluid leaked from blood vessels and returns it to blood. Houses the white blood cells.

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16
Q

Respiratory System

A

It’s job is to keep the body constantly supplies with oxygen and to remove carbon dioxide.

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17
Q

Digestive System

A

A tube running through the body from the mouth to the anus.

The role is to break down food and deliver the products to the blood for dispersal to the body cells.

18
Q

Urinary System

A

Removes the nitrogen containing wastes from the blood and flushes them from the body in urine.

19
Q

Reproductive System

A

Exists to produce offspring

20
Q

Homeostasis

A

The body’s ability to maintain relatively stable internal conditions even though the outside world is continuously changing.

21
Q

Receptor

A

Sensor that monitors and responds to changes in the environment.

22
Q

Control center

A

Determines the level at which a variable is to be maintained, analyzes the information it receives and determines the proper response.

23
Q

Effector

A

Provides the means for the control centers response to the stimulus. Information flows from the control center to the effector along the efferent pathway.

24
Q

Negative feedback mechanisms

A

The net effect of the response to the stimulus is to shut off the original stimulus or reduce its intensity.

25
Q

Positive feedback mechanisms

A

Rare

Tend to increase the original disturbance and to push the variable farther from its original value.

26
Q

Anatomical Position

A

Standard position

27
Q

Directional Terms

A

Allow medical personnel and anatomists to explain exactly where one body structure is in relation to another.

28
Q

Sagittal section

A

To cut along the lengthwise or longitudinal plane of the body. Providing right and left parts.

29
Q

Frontal section

A

Cut along lengthwise plane that divides the body into anterior and posterior parts.

30
Q

Transverse section

A

To cut along the horizontal plane dividing the body or Iran into superior and inferior parts.

31
Q

SUPERIOR

A

Above something

Towards the head

32
Q

INFERIOR

A

Below something or toward the tail

33
Q

VENTRAL

A

Toward the front of the body.

34
Q

DORSAL

A

Toward the rear or back of the body or structure.

35
Q

MEDIAL

A

Toward the midline of the body.

36
Q

LATERAL

A

Away from the midline of the body

37
Q

PROXIMAL

A

Closer to the point of attachment

38
Q

DISTAL

A

Farther from the point of attachment

39
Q

SUPERFICIAL

A

At or close to the body surface

40
Q

DEEP

A

Below or away from the body surface

41
Q

Anatomy

A

Study of the structure and shape of the body and it’s parts and their relationships to one another.

Honors Anatomy Ellie (6 decks)

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