Blood

Question 1

Blood

Answer 1

Only fluid tissue in body

Connective tissue

Question 2

Components of blood

Answer 2

Living cells- formed elements

Nonliving matrix- plasma

Question 3

Oxygen rich blood

Answer 3

Scarlet red

Question 4

Oxygen poor blood

Answer 4

Dull red

Question 5

pH must be

Answer 5

7.35-7.44

Question 6

Blood temperature

Answer 6

100.4°

Question 7

In a healthy man blood volume is about

Answer 7

5-6 liters or about 6 quarts

Question 8

Blood makes up ___% of body weight

Answer 8

8%

Question 9

Blood plasma

Answer 9

90% water
Includes dissolved substances such as: nutrients, salts (electrolytes), respitory gases, hormones, plasma proteins, waste products.

Question 10

Plasma proteins

Answer 10

Made by liver

Question 11

Plasma proteins: Albumin

Answer 11

Regulates osmotic pressure

Question 12

Plasma proteins: clotting proteins

Answer 12

Help to stem blood loss when a blood vessel is injured.

Question 13

Plasma proteins: antibodies

Answer 13

Help protect the body from pathogens

Question 14

Formed elements

Answer 14

Erythrocytes: RBC
leukocytes: WBC
Platelets
Cell fragments

Question 15

Erythrocytes RBCs

Answer 15

Main function: carry oxygen

Question 16

Erythrocytes RBCs

Answer 16

Biconcave disks 
Essentially bags of hemoglobin 
Iron containing protein 
Binds strongly but reversibly to oxygen
Has 4 oxygen binding sites 
Anucleate (no nucleus)
Contains very few organelles

Question 17

Homeostatic imbalances of Red Blood Cells

Answer 17

Anemia: decrease in the oxygen carrying ability of the blood

Sickle cell anemia (SCA) results from abnormally shaped hemoglobin

Question 18

Leukocytes or WBC or white blood cells

Answer 18

Crucial in bodies defense against disease
Complete cells with a nucleus and organelles
Can respond to chemicals released by damaged tissues

Question 19

Leukemia

Answer 19

Abnormal number of leukocytes

Bone marrow becomes cancerous and turns out excess WBC

Question 20

Types of Leukocytes

Answer 20

Granulocytes

Agranulocytes

Question 21

Granulocytes

Answer 21

Include neutrophils, eosinophils, and basophils

Question 22

Agranulocytes

Answer 22

Include lymphocytes and monocytes

Question 23

List WBCs from most to least abundant

Remember the easy way :)

Answer 23

1) neutrophils
2) lymphocytes
3) monocytes
4) eosinophils
5) basophils

Question 24

Neutrophils

Answer 24

Acts as phagocytes at active sites of infection

Question 25

Eosinophils

Answer 25

Found in responses to allergies and parasitic worms

Question 26

Basophils

Answer 26

Initiate inflammation

Question 27

Lymphocytes

Answer 27

Play an important role in the immune response

Question 28

Monocytes

Answer 28

Largest of the white blood cells Function as macrophages Important in fighting chronic infection

Question 29

Platelets

Answer 29

Derived from ruptured multinucleate cells | Needed for the clotting process

Question 30

Hematopoiesis

Answer 30

Blood cell formation Occurs in red bone marrow All blood cells are derived from a common stem cell (hemocytoblast)

Question 31

Hemostasis

Answer 31

Stoppage of bleeding resulting from a break in a blood vessel

Question 32

Blood usually clots in

Answer 32

3-6 mins

Question 33

Thrombus

Answer 33

A clot in an unbroken blood vessel | Can be deadly in areas like the heart

Question 34

Emblolus

Answer 34

A thrombus that breaks away and floats freely in the blood streak Can later clog vessels in critical areas like the brain.

Question 35

Hemophilia

Answer 35

Hereditary bleeding disorder | Normal clotting factors are missing

Question 36

15-30% of blood causes _______ | Loss of over 30% causes shock which can be ________

Answer 36

Weakness | Fatal

Question 37

Transfusions

Answer 37

The only way to replace blood quickly.

Question 38

Type O blood

Answer 38

Universal donor | Can only receive O blood

Question 39

Type AB blood

Answer 39

Universal recipient