Chapter 4: Racism and White Privilege

Question 1

A “common descent of heredity”

Answer 1

Race

Question 2

Involves cultural characteristics

Answer 2

Ethnicity

Question 3

An ongoing, multidimensional, and dynamic process inherent in the development and maintenance of an institutionalized, hierarchical racial classification system

Answer 3

Racism

Question 4

A defining cultural characteristic in that individuals and groups perceive and understand each other through this socially constructed prism that will be transmitted to succeeding generations

Answer 4

Racial worldview

Question 5

Personal attitudes and beliefs in White superiority and the inferiority of people of color, with physical differences among individuals used as an explanation of social, moral, and intellectual behavior

Answer 5

Individual racism

Question 6

“Differential access to the goods, services, and opportunities of society by race”

Answer 6

Institutional racism

Question 7

Emphasizes that the oppression of racial and ethnic groups, originating with the social construction of race and racial classification systems, is organized by institutional, cultural, and social structures that create and maintain racial inequities

Answer 7

Structural racism

Question 8

Members of marginalized groups believing and accepting, knowingly or unknowingly, negative social messages about their own racial and ethnic groups

Answer 8

Internalized racism

Question 9

The belief that the cultural values and practices of individuals of White, European descent are superior to those of other racial groups

Answer 9

Cultural racism

Question 10

Developed as a grassroots effort to bring light to the killings and other recognized racial injustices in Black communities across America

Answer 10

Black Lives Matter

Question 11

Has been working to promote the social, political, and economic well-=being of minority populations since 1942; focuses on creating solutions to difficult problems that underprivileged individuals may face

Answer 11

Congress of Racial Equality

Question 12

Continues to serve as an advocacy sounding board for the betterment of Latinos in the United States; is directly involved with Latino communities and works toward the social, politic, and economical progression of their people

Answer 12

National Council of La Raza

Question 13

Long-standing figure in the fight for justice for disenfranchised groups; causes include human rights, immigration rights, and racial rights; highlights the U.S. Constitution as its guiding principle in providing equality and liberty for all

Answer 13

American Civil Liberties Union

Question 14

Belief that the superiority of Whites justifies their disproportionate access to social and economic resources

Answer 14

White supremacy

Question 15

Being intentionally cognizant of racial issues and potentially overemphasizing the role that race and racism play in the client’s problems

Answer 15

Color consciousness

Question 16

“Brief and commonplace daily verbal, behavioral, and environmental indignities, whether intentional or unintentional, that communicate hostile, derogatory, negative racial slights and insults to the target person or group

Answer 16

Racial microaggressions

Question 17

One of the key defense mechanisms that Whites resort to in order to maintain White privilege and alleviate dissonance and emotional discomfort; can involve denying either that racism and White privilege exist or that a particular White individual is a racist or personally participates in White privilege

Answer 17

Denial

Question 18

A form of racial micro aggression that involves unawareness of racial privilege, institutional discrimination, or overt racial issues

Answer 18

Color blindness/color-blind racial attitudes

Question 19

The notion that all individuals, regardless of their racial makeup, can succeed if they try

Answer 19

Myth of meritocracy

Question 20

Whites deflect their role in perpetuating racism by focusing on times when they were discriminated against by people of color

Answer 20

Reverse discrimination