Chapter 4: Questions Flashcards
John has integrative agnosia. This means that he cannot
a.
perceive the colors, or positions of objects.
b.
perceive faces.
c.
recognize faces.
d.
difficulty perceiving objects from unusual viewpoints or lighting circumstances.
d.
difficulty perceiving objects from unusual viewpoints or lighting circumstances.
A “well-formed” letter string is one that
a.
is clearly and legibly written.
b.
contains all the feature information necessary for perception.
c.
does not share perceptual similarities with other letter strings.
d.
conforms to the usual spelling patterns of English
d.
conforms to the usual spelling patterns of English
Which of the following statements is true regarding the perception of briefly presented words?
a.
Participants are better at identifying letters when they are presented in isolation compared to when they are presented as part of a word.
b.
Participants are equally poor at identifying all nonsense words, regardless of their well-formedness.
c.
Participants are better at recognizing words that were recently seen.
d.
Participants can avoid making errors if sufficient top-down processing is employed.
c.
Participants are better at recognizing words that were recently seen.
(Q007) What was the crucial innovation that defined the recognition by components (RBC) model?
a.
an intermediate level of detectors sensitive to geons (geometric ions)
b.
a hierarchy of detectors
c.
the use of inhibitory connections
d.
recognition of only fully visible objects
a.
an intermediate level of detectors sensitive to geons (geometric ions)
What prediction could you make on the basis of the recognition via multiple views approach to object recognition?
a.
Words that resemble each other visually will be difficult to discriminate.
b.
It will be harder to recognize an object from some vantage points than from others.
c.
It will be possible to see the Necker cube in both possible orientations at once.
d.
Representations will most likely be supported by tissue in the “where” pathway.
b.
It will be harder to recognize an object from some vantage points than from others.
What is the purpose of using a mask in word recognition tasks?
a.
It serves to stop participants from continuing to process the stimulus.
b.
It allows experimenters to change subjects’ responses.
c.
It disguises the words so that a person cannot recognize them.
d.
It disrupts the word-superiority effect.
a.
It serves to stop participants from continuing to process the stimulus.
Which condition would produce the most accurate response?
a.
Participants are asked whether they were shown a “d” or “b” when presented with the word “LARD.”
b.
Participants are asked whether they were shown a “d” or “b” when presented with these letters only.
c.
Participants are asked whether they were shown a “d” or “b” when presented with a word in another language.
d.
Participants are asked whether they were shown a “d” or “b” when presented with the letter string “LRSPD.
a.
Participants are asked whether they were shown a “d” or “b” when presented with the word “LARD.”
The existence of bigram detectors (detectors of letter pairs) helps to explain which of the following?
a.
People are more likely to recognize the letters “TICE” when they are briefly presented than the letters “EITC.”
b.
The fast presentation of a crossbar stimulus leads to the activation of the “A,” “E,” and “F” detectors.
c.
The network cannot distinguish between “false alarms” and true recognition.
d.
The network’s knowledge is locally represented in the brain.
a.
People are more likely to recognize the letters “TICE” when they are briefly presented than the letters “EITC.”
Which effect can NOT be explained by feature nets?
a.
the word-superiority effect
b.
the well-formedness effect
c.
the ability to read letter strings like PIRT but not TPIR
d.
the effects of sentence context
d.
the effects of sentence context
If the word “trum” is presented, people are most likely to recognize it as
a.
truck.
b.
murt.
c.
drum.
d.
trun.
c.
drum.
We can often recognize an object even if some of the object’s parts are hidden from view. Evidence indicates that this recognition from partial viewing will be easiest if
a.
we can see enough of the object to identify some of its geons.
b.
we can see at least 20% of the object’s features.
c.
the object’s features are unfamiliar to us, so there is no risk of false alarms.
d.
the object does not have too many geons.
a.
we can see enough of the object to identify some of its geons.
Which of the following offers the most support for the idea that object recognition is viewpoint-dependent?
a.
Object recognition seems to involve a hierarchy of detectors, from feature detectors to whole object detectors.
b.
When pieces of an object are missing, it is still fairly easy to recognize the object as long as the geons are still identifiable.
c.
There are neurons in the “what” pathway that respond most to a certain type of object in a certain position relative to the eyes.
d.
Detection of objects employs both bottom-up and top-down processes.
c.
There are neurons in the “what” pathway that respond most to a certain type of object in a certain position relative to the eyes.
The Rumelhart and McClelland model is different from the simple feature model in all the following ways EXCEPT that it includes
a.
inhibition as well as excitation.
b.
bidirectional activation.
c.
activation from the feature level to the letter level.
d.
top-down processing.
c.
activation from the feature level to the letter level.
Donovan looks in a mirror and perceives his own face, but he thinks he is seeing a stranger. Donovan most likely has
a.
Capgras syndrome.
b.
prosopagnosia.
c.
associative agnosia.
d.
change blindness.
b.
prosopagnosia.
Which of the following is most accurate with respect to our knowledge about the fusiform face area (FFA)?
a.
There is a general consensus that the FFA is exclusively dedicated to processing faces.
b.
There is a general consensus that the FFA underlies many kinds of expertise.
c.
There is an ongoing debate about the specificity of the FFA to processing faces.
d.
There is an ongoing debate about the role of the FFA in identifying general categories of faces and objects.
c.
There is an ongoing debate about the specificity of the FFA to processing faces.
