Chapter 2: Questions

Question 1

The amygdala has been connected to what three tasks?

Answer 1

Remembering emotional events, viewing fearful faces, fight or flight behaviors.

Question 2

The existence of functional localization is supported in part by the fact that?

Answer 2

The symptoms produced by brain damage depend on exactly where in the brain the damage is located.

Question 3

Intellectual functions like making judgments, retrieving memories, and paying attention depend primarily on tissues specialized for these purposes, which are located in the (three broad sections of the brain):

Answer 3

Forebrain

Question 4

Basic life functions, such as the breathing and basic cardiac functions, depend primarily on activity in the (three broad sections of the brain):

Answer 4

Hindbrain

Question 5

All of the following are components of the limbic system EXCEPT for
a. the amygdala
b. thalamus
c. hypothalamus
d. cerebellum

Answer 5

d. cerebellum

Question 6

If the corpus callosum is cut, what will happen to the two hemispheres of the brain?

Answer 6

Information exchange will still occur through other commissures, but it will be much slower and less complete than normal.

Question 7

Damage to a specific area of the brain is called a(n)

Answer 7

lesion

Question 8

__________ is a brain-imaging technique that shows us precisely which areas of the brain are active at a particular moment in time; __________ is a technique that shows us the exact structure of each of the brain’s parts.

Answer 8

Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI); magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)

Question 9

__________ measures how much glucose is being used at specific locations in the brain, whereas __________ measures how much oxygen is being consumed at specific locations in the brain.

Answer 9

PET; fMRI

Question 10

Electroencephalography (EEG) measures?

Answer 10

Voltage changes at the scalp, which reflect activity in the brain underneath.

Question 11

In EEG recordings, alert wakefulness is indicated by __________ waves, while deep sleep is indicated by __________ waves.

Answer 11

beta; delta

Question 12

If stimulating an area of the brain does not cause a behavior but disabling the same area with transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) prevents the behavior, then that area is __________ for that behavior.

Answer 12

Necessary but not sufficient

Question 13

True or false: in the primary somatosensory projection area, the larger the physical size of a body area is, the more cortical area is devoted to it.

Answer 13

False

Question 14

What is the clinical term we use to describe a disturbance in the initiation or organization of voluntary action?

Answer 14

Apraxia

Question 15

The left cerebral hemisphere receives its main input for vision from the…

Answer 15

right half of the visual field in both eyes.

Question 16

A synapse is usually composed of…

Answer 16

the end of an axon, a space, and the receiving membrane on another neuron’s dendrites.

Question 17

Which is NOT a factor in explaining why the postsynaptic neuron’s initial response may vary in size?
a. the sensitivity of the postsynaptic membrane
b. the quantity of neurotransmitters released by the presynaptic cell
c. the accumulation of previous cell firings
d. the width of the gap between the presynaptic and postsynaptic cells

Answer 17

d. the width of the gap between the presynaptic and postsynaptic cells; a neurotransmitter can travel quite far, relatively speaking.

Question 18

The all-or-none law states that:

Answer 18

The action potential does not vary in size or strength.