Chapter 4 Physiological Perspective

Question 1

study of behavior and conscious & unconscious; study of the way people think and their emotions

Answer 1

Psychology

Question 2

who came up with the concept of self (me and I self)

Answer 2

William James

Question 3

two categories of the self

Answer 3

The “I-Self” & The “Me-self”

Question 4

refers to the self that knows who he or she is the thinking self ; thinking entity

Answer 4

The “I-Self

Question 5

reflects the soul of a person or what is not thought of as the mind and is called the ____

Answer 5

The “I-Sefl” , pure ego

Question 6

Empirical self (objective self)

Answer 6

The “Me-self”

Question 7

3 subcategories
of the Me-self

Answer 7

Material self, Social self, Spiritual self

Question 8

[ subcategory of the me-self ] - physical attributes ; objects that a person possesses (e.g. wealth) or people that one possesses (e.g. friends, family)
- anything that we possess or are part of
- contributes to one’s self-image

Answer 8

Material self

Question 9

[ subcategory of the me-self ] when the self has a different self because the self depends on social situation

Answer 9

Social self

Question 10

[ subcategory of the me-self ] the most intimate and important part of the self
Where we find our purpose, core values, conscience, and moral behavior
Understanding the spiritual self requires introspection

Answer 10

Spiritual self

Question 11

the self theory of the real and ideal self is by whom?

Answer 11

Carl Rogers

Question 12

He defined as the self as a flexible & changing perception of personal identity ;
Suggested that the self develops from interaction with significant people & awareness of one’s own characteristics & level of functioning

Answer 12

Carl Rogers

Question 13

Two components of self concept (according to Rogers)

Answer 13

Real self and Ideal Self

Question 14

[ components of self concept] Awareness of what i am & what i can do

Answer 14

Real self

Question 15

[ components of self concept] What one should be or wanted to be that includes one’s goals & ambitions in life

Answer 15

Ideal Self

Question 16

Multiple Versus unified self, true versus false self is by?

Answer 16

Donald Winnicott

Question 17

function is to hide and protect the true self.

Answer 17

False self

Question 18

come out when we’re at home or when with family and close friends

Answer 18

True Self

Question 19

more likely to show during dating situations

Answer 19

False self

Question 20

The Self as Proactive and Agentic

Answer 20

Albert Bandura

Question 21

embodies the endowments, belief systems, self-regulatory capabilities, and distributed structures and functions through which personal influence is exercised, rather than reside as a discrete entity.

Answer 21

Agency

Question 22

What are the features of human agency

Answer 22

Intentionality, Forethought, Self-Reflectiveness, Self-Reactiveness, Self- Efficacy

Question 23

refers to acts done intentionally

intentions center on plans of action

Requires omniscience to anticipate every outcome

Answer 23

Intentionality

Question 24

Enables the person to anticipate the likely consequences of prospective actions

People are guided in their actions in anticipations of future events

Answer 24

Forethought

Question 25

Gives the person the ability to reflect upon and the adequacy of his or her thoughts and actions People are guided in their actions in anticipations of future events

Answer 25

Self-Reflectiveness

Question 26

Involves making choices and choosing appropriate courses of action as well as motivating and regulating them

Answer 26

Self-Reactiveness

Question 27

Refers to the individual’s belief that he or she is capable of performing a task which influences whether he or she will think pessimistically or optimistically and in ways that are self-enhancing or self-hindering. People are not only agents of actions but self-examiners of their own function

Answer 27

Self- Efficacy

Question 28

are the universal models after which roles are patterned is the predisposition of individuals to respond to the world Represents the hidden potentialities of the psyche or the total personality Reside in the personal unconscious

Answer 28

Archetypes

Question 29

The Self as the Central Archetype

Answer 29

Carl Jung

Question 30

what are the 4 major archetypes

Answer 30

1. Persona 2.Shadow 3. Animus/Anima 4. Self

Question 31

is the individual’s conscious perception of the self

Answer 31

Ego

Question 32

who proposed the Construction of Self and Personality

Answer 32

Sigmund Freud

Question 33

Freud’s Psychosexual stages

Answer 33

1. Oral Stage 2. Anal Stage 3. Phallic Stage 4. Latent Stage 5. Genital Stage

Question 34

[Freud’s Psychosexual stages] - Birth to 1 year - erogenous zone: mouth > babies derive pleasure from oral activities such as sucking or biting

Answer 34

Oral Stage

Question 35

[Freud’s Psychosexual stages] - 1 to 3 years - erogenous zone: bowel and bladder control > the child derives pleasure from the elimination of body wastes

Answer 35

Anal Stage

Question 36

[Freud’s Psychosexual stages] - 3 to 6 year - erogenous zone: genitals > children derive pleasure from examining, touching, fondling, or displaying their genitals ; during this stage children should be educated

Answer 36

Phallic Stage

Question 37

[Freud’s Psychosexual stages] - 6 to puberty - libido inactive - considered the school stage > sexual energy is repressed because children bevome occupied with school

Answer 37

Latent Stage

Question 38

[Freud’s Psychosexual stages] - adolescence / puberty to adulthood / death - Maturing sexual interests > pleasure is again derived from the genital area and individauls seek to satisfy their sexual drives from sexual relationships

Answer 38

Genital Stage

Question 39

8 Psychosocial stages of development was proposed by whom?

Answer 39

Erik Erikson

Question 40

what are the 8 Psychosocial stages of development

Answer 40

1. Trust vs Mistrust 2. Autonomy vs Shame and Doubt 3. Initiative vs Guilt 4. Industry vs inferiority 5. Identity formation vs identity confusion 6. Intimacy vs isolation 7. Generativity vs stagnation 8. Integrity vs Despair

Question 41

-is the positive force that contributes to identity formation and lays the foundation for certain strengths and virtues in life such as hope, will, purpose, competence, fidelity, love, care, and wisdom

Answer 41

Ego

Question 42

involves a person’s desire to contribute to the world by teaching, leading, and guiding the next generation and doing activities that will benefit the community

Answer 42

Generativity

Question 43

independence of thought and confidence to think and act for oneself

Answer 43

Autonomy