Chap 3 ANTHROPOLOGICAL CONCEPTUALIZATION OF SELF Flashcards
The study of human races, origins, societies, and cultures
Anthropology
Academic field in understanding the interconnections and interdependence of biological and cultural aspects of the human experience in all times and places
Anthropology
defines culture as complex whole which includes knowledge, belief, art, morals, law, customs, and any other capabilities and habits acquired by man as a member of society
Edward Tylor
believes that the individual is neither a robot nor an entirely independent self-willed little god but a cultural individual - existing in freedom but also embodying that cultural mold in which he is cast in his particular society and historical approach.
James L. Peacock
Believes that the concept of self is a necessary supplement to the concept of culture in anthropology and should be regarded as a human universal.
Martin Sokefeld
understood as a disposition of basic personality features acquired mostly during childhood and, once integrated, more or less fixed
identity
A view of the self that defines each person as a replica of all humanity but capable of acting independently from others
Egocentric View
View as contingent on a situation or social setting
Sociocentric View
refers to the features of a person’s identity that he or she chooses to emphasize in constructing a social self. Ex. age, gender, kinship, ethnicity, personal appearance, socioeconomic status
Identity toolbox
Universal practice with numerous cross cultural variations establishes a child’s birthright and social identity.
Personal Naming
Stated that changes in one’s identity is marked by a three-phased rite of passage
Arnold van Gennep
what are the three phases of rite of passage
- Separation
- Liminality
- Incorporation
people detach from their former identity to another. ex. When people die, we become independent; break-ups
Separation
one has left one identity but has not yet entered or joined the next ex. Circumcision ( cultural), menstruation (biological)
Liminality
changes are incorporated into a new identity by elaborated rituals and ceremonies (initiation rituals) makes a person to readily accept new ways of looking at himself and others. Ex. debut
Incorporation
help a person adjust from one social dimension of his or her life to the others.
Rites of Passage
Who coined the term “identity struggles”
Anthony Wallace and Raymond Fogelson
characterizes interaction in which there is a discrepancy between the identity a person claims to possess and the identity attributed to that person by others.
Identity struggles
Who defined culture as “a system of inherited conceptions expressed in symbolic forms by means of which men communicate, perpetuate, and develop their knowledge about and attitude towards life,”
Clifford Geertz
two important ideas about concept of culture and men by Clifford Geertz
a. Culture should not be perceived only as complexes of concrete behavior patterns, but as a set of control mechanism
b. Man is precisely the animal most desperately depended upon such extragenetic, outside the skin control mechanism
Human nature is interdependent with culture, true or false
true
features of a person’s identity that he or she chooses to emphasize in constructing a social self
identity toolbox
in all societies ___ represents the self
personal naming
a phase wherein individual acquire his identity through initiation rituals
incorporation
in social anthropology, the concept __ was used mostly in the context of ethnic identity
identity
anthropology considers human experience as an interplay of nature and nurture
true or false
true
