Chap 3 ANTHROPOLOGICAL CONCEPTUALIZATION OF SELF

Question 1

The study of human races, origins, societies, and cultures

Answer 1

Anthropology

Question 2

Academic field in understanding the interconnections and interdependence of biological and cultural aspects of the human experience in all times and places

Answer 2

Anthropology

Question 3

defines culture as complex whole which includes knowledge, belief, art, morals, law, customs, and any other capabilities and habits acquired by man as a member of society

Answer 3

Edward Tylor

Question 4

believes that the individual is neither a robot nor an entirely independent self-willed little god but a cultural individual - existing in freedom but also embodying that cultural mold in which he is cast in his particular society and historical approach.

Answer 4

James L. Peacock

Question 5

Believes that the concept of self is a necessary supplement to the concept of culture in anthropology and should be regarded as a human universal.

Answer 5

Martin Sokefeld

Question 6

understood as a disposition of basic personality features acquired mostly during childhood and, once integrated, more or less fixed

Answer 6

identity

Question 7

A view of the self that defines each person as a replica of all humanity but capable of acting independently from others

Answer 7

Egocentric View

Question 8

View as contingent on a situation or social setting

Answer 8

Sociocentric View

Question 9

refers to the features of a person’s identity that he or she chooses to emphasize in constructing a social self. Ex. age, gender, kinship, ethnicity, personal appearance, socioeconomic status

Answer 9

Identity toolbox

Question 10

Universal practice with numerous cross cultural variations establishes a child’s birthright and social identity.

Answer 10

Personal Naming

Question 11

Stated that changes in one’s identity is marked by a three-phased rite of passage

Answer 11

Arnold van Gennep

Question 12

what are the three phases of rite of passage

Answer 12

1. Separation
2. Liminality
3. Incorporation

Question 13

people detach from their former identity to another. ex. When people die, we become independent; break-ups

Answer 13

Separation

Question 14

one has left one identity but has not yet entered or joined the next ex. Circumcision ( cultural), menstruation (biological)

Answer 14

Liminality

Question 15

changes are incorporated into a new identity by elaborated rituals and ceremonies (initiation rituals) makes a person to readily accept new ways of looking at himself and others. Ex. debut

Answer 15

Incorporation

Question 16

help a person adjust from one social dimension of his or her life to the others.

Answer 16

Rites of Passage

Question 17

Who coined the term “identity struggles”

Answer 17

Anthony Wallace and Raymond Fogelson

Question 18

characterizes interaction in which there is a discrepancy between the identity a person claims to possess and the identity attributed to that person by others.

Answer 18

Identity struggles

Question 19

Who defined culture as “a system of inherited conceptions expressed in symbolic forms by means of which men communicate, perpetuate, and develop their knowledge about and attitude towards life,”

Answer 19

Clifford Geertz

Question 20

two important ideas about concept of culture and men by Clifford Geertz

Answer 20

a. Culture should not be perceived only as complexes of concrete behavior patterns, but as a set of control mechanism

b. Man is precisely the animal most desperately depended upon such extragenetic, outside the skin control mechanism

Question 21

Human nature is interdependent with culture, true or false

Answer 21

true

Question 22

features of a person’s identity that he or she chooses to emphasize in constructing a social self

Answer 22

identity toolbox

Question 23

in all societies ___ represents the self

Answer 23

personal naming

Question 24

a phase wherein individual acquire his identity through initiation rituals

Answer 24

incorporation

Question 25

in social anthropology, the concept __ was used mostly in the context of ethnic identity

Answer 25

identity

Question 26

anthropology considers human experience as an interplay of nature and nurture
true or false

Answer 26

true