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Medical Terminolgy > Chapter-4 Musculoskeletal System > Flashcards

Chapter-4 Musculoskeletal System Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

What makes up the musculoskeletal system?

A

Bones, joints, and muscles

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2
Q

What do your bones, joints, and muscles do together?

A

They move you, protect you, and give your body support.

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3
Q

Describe the steps of the formation of bones.

A

1) Bones start as cartilage
2) Blood vessels penetrate the cartilage and
3) Bone cells (osteocytes) begin the process of replacing the cartilage model with actual bone

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4
Q

Describe the time frame of bone formation.

A

Bone making process begins well before you are born and does not finish until puberty ends.

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5
Q

In which direction do the bones harden?

A

Many bones harden from the center outward.

Some bones, however, grow at special growth centers called epiphyseal plate (aka growth plate).

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6
Q

What is the growth plate of the bone called?

A

Epiphyseal plate

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7
Q

What is the area between the end of the bone (epiphysis) and the long shaft of the bone (diaphysis).

A

The metaphysis

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8
Q
  • physis

- Suffix

A

Def: growth

Ex. epiphysis, diaphysis, metaphysis

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9
Q

oste/o

A

Def: bone

Ex. osteopathy, periosteum

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10
Q

crani/o

A

Def: head, skull

Ex. craniometer, carniomalacia

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11
Q

cervic/o

A

Def: neck

Ex. cervical spine, cervicitis

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12
Q

spondyl/o

A

Def: vertebra

Ex. invertebrate, spondylitis

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13
Q

lumb/o

A

Def: loin, lower back

Ex. lumbar, lumbodynia

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14
Q

brachi/o

A

Def: arm

Ex. brachiocephalic, brachialgia

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15
Q

dactyl/o

A

Def: finger

Ex. adactyly, dactylalgia

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16
Q

carp/o

A

Def: wrist

Ex. carpectomy, metacarpal

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17
Q

cost/o

A

Def: rib

Ex. costectomy, intercoastal

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18
Q

femor/o

A

Def: femur (thighbone)

Ex. femoral artery

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19
Q

tibi/o

A

Def: tibia (shinbone)

Ex. tibialgia

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20
Q

tars/o

A

Def: ankle

Ex. tarsitis, tarsalgia

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21
Q

chondr/o

A

Def: cartilage

Ex. chondritis, chondrodynia

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22
Q

arthr/o

A

Def: joint

Ex. arthritis, arthroscopic surgery

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23
Q

burs/o

A

Def: bursa

Ex. bursitis, bursectomy

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24
Q

ten/o

A

Def: tendon (connective tissue connecting muscle to bone)

Ex. tenodynia

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25
Q

tend/o

A

Def: tendon (connective tissue connecting muscle to bone)

Ex. tendolysis

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26
Q

tendin/o

A

Def: tendon (connective tissue connecting muscle to bone)

Ex. tendinitis

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27
Q

muscul/o

A

Def: muscle

Ex. musculoskeletal

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28
Q

my/o

A

Def: muscle

Ex. myopathy

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29
Q

myos/o

A

Def: muscle

Ex. myositis

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30
Q

fasci/o

A

Def: fascia (fibrous connective tissue binding muscles together)

Ex. fasciotomy, fasciitis

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31
Q

ton/o

A

Def: tone, tension

Ex. dystonia, tonograph

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32
Q

kinesi/o (also sometimes kinet/o)

A

Def: movement, motion

Ex. kinesiology, hyperkinesia, kinetic energy

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33
Q

tax/o

A

Def: arrangement, order, coordination

Ex. ataxia, hypotaxia

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34
Q

ankyl/o

A

Def: stiff, bent

Ex. ankylosis, ankylodactyly

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35
Q

costalgia

bones

A

Def: rib pain

Pron: kaws-TAL-jah

Word Analysis

cost/algia

rib/pain

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36
Q

metatarsalgia

bones

A

Def: pain in the bones of the foot

Pron: meh-tah-tar-SAL-jah

Word Analysis

meta/ tars/ algia

after/ ankle/ pain

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37
Q

ostalgia (or ostealgia)

bones

A

Def: bone pain

Pron: aws-TAL-jah

Word Analysis

ost/ algia

bone/ pain

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38
Q

osteodynia

bones

A

Def: bone pain

Pron: aws-tee-oh-DAI-nee-ah

Word Analysis

osteo/ dynia

bone/ pain

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39
Q

spondylodynia

bones

A

Def: vertebra pain

Pron: spawn-dai-loh-DAI-nee-ah

Word Analysis

spondylo/ dynia

vertebra/ pain

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40
Q

tibialgia

bones

A

Def: tibia (shin) pain

Pron: tih-bee-AL-ja

Word Analysis

tibi/ algia

tibia/ pain

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41
Q

ankylosis *

joints

A

Def: joint stiffness

Pron: an-kih-LOH-sis

Word Analysis

stiff/ condition

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42
Q

arthralgia

joints

A

Def: joint pain

Pron:

Word Analysis

arthr/ algia

joint/ pain

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43
Q

arthrodynia

joint

A

Def: joint pain

Pron: ar-throh-DAI-nee-ah

Word Analysis

arthro/ dynia

joint/ pain

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44
Q

cervicodynia

joints

A

Def: neck pain

Pron: sir-vih-koh-DAI-nee-ah

Word Analysis

cervico/ dynia

neck/ pain

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45
Q

crepitation *

joint

A

Def: a crackling sound heard in joints

Pron: kreh-pih-TAY-shun

from Latin, for “rattle” or “creaking”

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46
Q

genu valgum

joints

A

Def: knock-kneed

Pron: JEH-noo VAL-gum

knee pointed in

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47
Q

genu varum

joints

A

Def: bowlegged

Pron: JEH-noo VAH-rum

knee bowed out

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48
Q

bradykinesia

muscles

A

Def: slow movement

Pron: bray-dih-kih-NEE-zhah

Word Analysis

brady/ kinesia

slow/ movement

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49
Q

dyskinesia *

muscles

A

Def: inability to control movement

Pron: dis-kih-NEE-zhah

Word Analysis

dys/ kinesia

bad/ movement

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50
Q

dystaxia *

muscles

A

Def: poor coordination

Pron: dis-TAK-see-ah

Word Analysis

dys/ taxia

bad/ coordination

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51
Q

dystonia

muscles

A

Def: poor muscle tone

Pron: dis-TOH-nee-ah

Word Analysis

dys/ tonia

bad/ muscle tone

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52
Q

graphospasm *

muscle

A

Def: writer’s cramp

Pron: gra-foh-SPAZM

Word Analysis

grapho/spasm

write/ involuntary contraction

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53
Q

hyperkinesia

muscle

A

Def: increased in muscle movement or activity

Pron: hai-per-kih-NEE-zhah

Word Analysis

hyper/ kinesia

over/ movement

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54
Q

hypertonia

muscle

A

Def: increased muscle tone or tightness

Pron: hai-per-TOH-nee-yah

Word Analysis

hyper/ tonia

over/ muscle tone

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55
Q

hypokinesia

muscle

A

Def: decreased in muscle movement or activity

Pron: hai-poh-kih-NEE-zhah

Word Analysis

hypo/ kinesia

under/ movement

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56
Q

hypotonia

muscle

A

Def: decrease in muscle tone or tightness

Pron: hai-poh-TOH-nee-yah

Word Analysis

hypo/ tonia

under/ muscle tone

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57
Q

myalgia

muscle

A

Def: muscle pain

Pron: mai-AL-jah

Word Analysis

my/ algia

muscle/ pain

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58
Q

myasthenia *

muscle

A

Def: muscle weakness

Pron: mai-as-THEH-nee-ah

Word Analysis

my/ asthenia

muscle/ weakness

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59
Q

myodynia

muscle

A

Def: muscle pain

Pron: mai-oh-DAI-nee-ah

Word Analysis

myo/ dynia

muscle/ pain

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60
Q

myospasm

muscle

A

Def: muscle spasm

Pron: mai-oh-SPAZ-um

Word Analysis

myo/ spasm

muscle/ involutary contraction

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61
Q

tenalgia

muscle

A

Def: tendon pain

Pron: ten-AL-jah

Word Analysis

ten/ algia

tendon/ pain

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62
Q

arthrocentesis

diagnostic procedures

A

Def: puncture of a joint

Pron: ar-throh-sin-TEE-sis

Word Analysis

arthro/ centesis

joint/ puncture

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63
Q

arthroscope

diagnostic procedures

A

Def: instrument for looking into a joint

Pron: AR-throh-skohp

Word Analysis

arthro/ scope

joint/ intrument ot look

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64
Q

arthroscopy

diagnostic procedures

A

Def: procedure of looking into a joint

Pron: ar-THRAW-skoh-pee

Word Analysis

arthro/ scopy

joint/ procedure to look

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65
Q

electromyogram

diagnostic procedures

A

Def: a record of the electrical activity of the muscle

Pron: eh-lek-troh-MAI-o-gram

Word Analysis

electro/ myo/ gram

electricity/ muscle/ record

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66
Q

electromyography

diagnostic procedures

A

Def: procedure for measuring the electrical activity of a muscle

Pron: eh-LEK-troh-mai-AW-grah-fee

Word Analysis

electro/ myo/ graphy

electricity/ muscle/ writing procedure

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67
Q

myography *

diagnostic procedures

A

Def: procedure for studying muscles

Pron: mai-AW-grah-fee

Word Analysis

myo/ graphy

muscle/ writing procedure

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68
Q

arthrogram *

radiology

A

Def: visual record of a joint

Pron: AR-throh-gram

Word Analysis

artho/ gram

joint/ record

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69
Q

arthrography *

radiology

A

Def: procedure used to examine a joint

Pron: ar-THRAW-grah-fee

Word Analysis

arthro/ graphy

joint/ writing procedure

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70
Q

computed axial tomography (CAT or CT)

radiology

A

Def: imaging procedure using a compter to produce cross sections along an axis

Pron: kom-PYOO-ted AK-see-al taw-MAW-grah-fee

Word Analysis

axi/al tomo/graphy

axis/ pertaining to cut /writing procedure

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71
Q

kyphosis *

spinal curvatures

A

Def: humped back; abnormal forward curvature of the upper spine

Pron: kai-FOH-sis

Word Analysis

kyph/osis

bent/ condition

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72
Q

lordosis *

spinal curvature

A

Def: sway back; abnormal forward curvature of the lower spine

Pron: lor-DOH-sis

Word Analysis

lord/ osis

bent backward/ condition

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73
Q

scoliosis

spinal curvature

A

Def: crooked back; abnormal lateral curvature of the spine

Pron: SKOH-lee-OH-sis

Word Analysis

scoli/ osis

crooked/ condition

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74
Q

carpitis

bones

A

Def: wrist inflammation

Pron: kar-PAI-tis

Word Analysis

carp/ itis

wrist/ inflammation

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75
Q

craniomalacia

bones

A

Def: softening of the skull

Pron: kray-nee-oh-mah-LAY-shah

Word Analysis

cranio/ malacia

skull/ softening

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76
Q

exostosis

bones

A

Def: an abnormal growth of bone out of another bone

Pron: eks-aws-TOH-sis

Word Analysis

ex/ ost/ osis

out/ bone/ condition

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77
Q

fracture

bones

A

Def: a bone break

Pron: FRAK-shur

Latin for “break”

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78
Q

osteodystrophy

bones

A

Def: poor bone development

Pron: aws-tee-oh-DIH-stroh-fee

Word Analysis

osteo/ dys/ trophy

bone/ bad/ nourishment or development

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79
Q

osteolysis *

bones

A

Def: bone loss

Pron: aw-stee-AW-lih-sis

Word Analysis

osteo/ lysis

bone/ loss

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80
Q

osteonecrosis

bones

A

Def: death of bone

Pron: aw-stee-oh-nih-KROH-sis

Word Analysis

osteo/ necr/ osis

bone/ death/ condition

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81
Q

osteosclerosis

bones

A

Def: abnormal hardening of bone

Pron: aw-stee-oh-skleh-ROH-sis

Word Analysis

osteo/ scler/ osis

bone/ hardening/ condition

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82
Q

polydactyly

bones

A

Def: having more than the normal number of fingers (or toes)

Pron: paw-lee-DAK-tih-lee

Word Analysis

poly/ dactyl/ y

many/ finger/ condition

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83
Q

spondylitits

bones

A

Def: vertebra inflammation

Pron: spawn-dih-LAI-tis

Word Analysis

spondyl/ itis

vertebra/ inflammation

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84
Q

spondylomalacia

bones

A

Def: softening of the vertebra

Pron: spawn-dih-loh-mah-LAY-shah

Word Analysis

spondylo/ malacia

vertebra/ softening

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85
Q

syndactyly *

bones

A

Def: fusion (sometimes called webbing) of fingers (or toes)

Pron: sin-DAK-tih-lee

Word Analysis

syn/ dactyl/ y

together/ finger/ condition

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86
Q

tarsoptosis *

bones

A

Def: flat feet

Pron: tar-sawp-TOH-sis

Word Analysis

tarso/ ptosis

ankle/ drooping condition

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87
Q

bursolith

joints

A

Def: a stone in a bursa

Pron: BIR-soh-lith

Word Analysis

burso/ lith

bursa/ stone

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88
Q

effusion *

joints

A

Def: fluid buildup

Pron: ee-FYOO-zhun

Word Analysis

ef/ fusion

out/ pour

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89
Q

hemarthrosis

joints

A

Def: blood in a joint

Pron: hee-mar-THROH-sis

Word Analysis

hem/ arthr/ osis

blood/ joint/ condition

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90
Q

hydrarthrosis

joints

A

Def: water (fluid) in a joint

Pron: hai-drar-THROH-sis

Word Analysis

hydr/ arthr/ osis

water/ joint/ condition

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91
Q

pyarthrosis

joints

A

Def: pus in a joint

Pron: pai-ar-THROH-sis

Word Analysis

py/ arthr/ osis

pus/ joint/ condition

92
Q

atrophy *

muscles

A

Def: underdevelopment, decrease, or loss of muscle tissue

Pron: A-troh-fee

Word Analysis

a/ trophy

no/ nourishment

93
Q

hypertrophy *

muscles

A

Def: overdevelopment of muscle tissue

Pron: hai-PER-troh-fee

Word Analysis

hyper/ trophy

over/ nourishment

94
Q

myocele

muscles

A

Def: hernia of muscle tissue

Pron: MAI-oh-seel

Word Analysis

myo/ cele

muscle/ hernia

95
Q

myolysis

muscles

A

Def: a loss of muscle tissue

Pron: mai-AW-lih-sis

Word Analysis

myo/ lysis

muscle/ loss

96
Q

myomalacia

muscles

A

Def: softening of a muscle

Pron: mai-oh-mah-LAY-sha

Word Analysis

myo/ malacia

muscle/ softening

97
Q

myosclerosis

muscles

A

Def: hardening of a muscle

Pron: mai-oh-skleh-ROH-sis

Word Analysis

myo/ scler/ osis

muscle/ hardening/ condition

98
Q

myotasis *

muscles

A

Def: stretching of a muscle

Pron: mai-AW-tah-sis

Word Analysis

myo/ tasis

muscle expansion

99
Q

myotonia

muscles

A

Def: muscle tone

Pron: mai-oh-TOH-nee-ah

Word Analysis

myo/ tonia

muscle/ tone

100
Q

ankylosing spondylitis

bones

assessments

A

Def: a stiffening inflammation of the vertebrae

Pron: an-kih-LOH-sing spawn-dih-LAI-tis

Word Analsysis

ankylos/ing spondyl/itis
stiffen/ causing vertebra/ inflammation

101
Q

chondro-osteodystrophy

bones

assessments

A

Def: poor development of bones and cartilage

Pron: KAWN-droh-AW-stee-oh-DIH-stroh-fee

Word Analysis

chrondro/ osteo/ dys/ trophy

cartilage/ bone/ bad/ nourishment

102
Q

craniosynostosis

bones

assessments

A

Def: the premature fusing of the skull bones

Pron: KRAY-nee-oh-SIN-aw-STOH-sis

Word Analysis

crano/ syn/ ost/ osis

skull/ together/ bone/ condition

103
Q

dactylitis

bones

assessments

A

Def: finger inflammation

Pron: DAK-tih-LAI-tis

Word Analysis

dactyl/ itis

finger/ inflammation

104
Q

hypertrophic spondylitis

bones

assessments

A

Def: overdevelopment of the vertebrae causing inflammation

Pron: HAI-per-TROH-fik spon-dih-LAI-tis

Word Analysis

hyper/ trophic spondyl/ itis

over/ nourishment vertebra/
inflammation

105
Q

osteitis

bone

assessments

A

Def: bone inflammation

Pron: AW-stee-AI-tis

Word Analysis

oste/ itis

bone/ inflammation

106
Q

osteochondritis

bone

assessments

A

Def: inflammation of bone and cartilage

Pron: AW-stee-oh-kon-DRAI-tis

Word Analysis

osteo/ chondr/ itis

bone/ carilage/ inflammation

107
Q

osteogensis imperfecta *

bone

assessments

A

Def: a disease in which the bones do not develop correctly, aka brittle bone disease

Pron: AW-stee-oh JIN-eh-sis IM-per-FEK-tah

Word Analysis

osteo/ genesis im/ perfecta

bone/ creation not/ complete

108
Q

osteomalacia

bone

assessments

A

Def: softening of the bone

Pron: AW-stee-oh-mah-LAY-shah

Word Analysis

osteo/ malacia

bone/ softening

109
Q

osteomyelitis *

bone

assessments

A

Def: inflammation of the bone and bone marrow

Pron: AW-stee-oh-MAI-eh-LAI-tis

Word Analysis

osteo/ myel/ itis

bone/ marrow/ inflammation

110
Q

osteopathy

bone

assessments

A

Def: bone disease

Pron: AW-stee-AW-pah-thee

Word Analysis

osteo/ pathy

bone/ disease

111
Q

osteopenia

bone

assessments

A

Def: reduction in bone volume

Pron: AW-stee-oh-PEE-nee-yah

Word Analysis

osteo/ penia

bone/ deficiency

112
Q

osteoporosis *

bone

assessments

A

Def: loss of bone denssity

Pron: AW-stee-oh-por-OH-sis

Word Analysis

osteo/ por/ osis

bone/ pore/ condition

113
Q

spinal stenosis

bone

assessments

A

Def: abnormal narrowing of the spine

Pron: SPAI-nal stih-NOH-sis

Word Analysis

spinal sten/ osis

spine narrow/ condition

114
Q

spondyloarthropathy

bone

assessments

A

Def: joint disease of the vertebrae

Pron: spondylo/ arthro/ pathy

Word Analysis

vertebra/ joint/ disease

115
Q

spondylolisthesis *

bone

assessments

A

Def: the slipping or dislocation of a vertebra

Pron: SPAWN-dih-loh-lis-THEE-sis

Word Analysis

spondylo/ listhesis

vertebra/ slipping

116
Q

spondylolysis

bone

assessments

A

Def: loss of vertebra structure

Pron: SPAWN-dih-LO-li-sis

Word Analysis

spondylo/ lysis

vertebra/ loss

117
Q

spondylosis *

bone

assessments

A

Def: loss of vertebra structure

Pron: SPAWN-dih-LOH-sis

Word Analysis

spondyl/ osis

vertebra/ condition

118
Q

arthritis

joints

assessments

A

Def: joint inflammation

Pron: ar-THRAI-tis

Word Analysis

arthr/ itis

joint/ inflammation

119
Q

rheumatoid arthritis *

joints

assessments

A

Def: inflammation of the joints; it is called rheumatoid because its symptoms resemble those of rheumatic fever

Pron: ROO-mah-toyd ar-THRAI-tis

Word Analysis

rheumat/ oid arthr/itis

rheumatic fever/ resembling joint/ inflammation

120
Q

septic arthritis *

joints

assessments

A

Def: inflammation of the joint caused by infection

Pron: SEP-tik ar-THRAI-tis

Word Analysis

septic arthr/ itis

rotting joint/ inflammation

121
Q

osteoarthritis *

joints

assessments

A

Def: inflammation of the joints, specifically those that bear weight

Pron: AW-stee-oh-ar-THRAI-tis

Word Analysis

osteo/ arthr/ itis

bone/ joint/ inflammation

122
Q

arthrocele

joints

assessments

A

Def: hernia of a joint

Pron: AR-throh-seel

Word Analysis

arthro/ cele

joint/ hernia

123
Q

arthrodysplasia *

joints

assessments

A

Def: abnormal joint development

Pron: AR-throh-dis-PLAY-zhah

Word Analysis

arthro/ dys/ plasia

joint/ bad/ formation

124
Q

arthropathy

joints

assessments

A

Def: joint disease

Pron: ar-THRAW-pah-thee

Word Analysis

arthro/ pathy

joint/ disease

125
Q

arthrosclerosis

joints

assessments

A

Def: hardening of the joints

Pron: AR-throh-skleh-ROH-sis

Word Analysis

arthro/ scler/ osis

joint/ hardening/ condition

126
Q

bursitis

joints

assessments

A

Def: inflammation of the bursa

Pron: bur-SAI-tis

Word Analysis

burs/ itis

bursa/ inflammation

127
Q

bursopathy

joints

assessments

A

Def: disease of the bursa

Pron: bur-SAW-pah-thee

Word Analysis

burso/ pathy

bursa/ disease

128
Q

subluxation *

joints

assessments

A

Def: partial dislocation of a joint

Pron: sub-luk-SAY-shun

Word Analysis

sub/ luxation

beneath/ dislocation

129
Q

achondroplasia *

muscles

assessments

A

Def: a defect in the formation of cartilage

Pron: AY-kawn-droh-PLAY-zhah

Word Analysis

a/ chondro/ plasia

no/ cartilage/ formation

130
Q

chondromalacia

muscles

assessments

A

Def: abnormal softening of the caritlage

Pron: KAWN-droh-mah-LAY-shah

Word Analysis

chondro/ malacia

cartilage/ softening

131
Q

costochondritis

muscles

assessments

A

Def: inflammation of the cartilage of the rib

Pron: KAW-stoh-kawn-DRAI-tis

Word Analysis

costo/ chondr/ itis

rib/ cartilage/ inflammation

132
Q

fasciitis

muscles

assessments

A

Def: inflammation of the fascia

Pron: Fa-shee-AI-tis

Word Analysis

fasci/ itis

fascia/ inflammation

133
Q

muscular dystrophy

muscles

assessments

A

Def: disorder characterized by poor muscle development

Pron: MUS-kyoo-lar DIS-troh-fee

Word Analysis

muscul/ ar dys/ trophy

muscle/ pertaining to bad/ nourishment

134
Q

myoclonus *

muscles

assessments

A

Def: violent muscle contraction

Pron: MAI-oh-KLAWN-us

Word Analysis

myo/ clonus

muscle/ turmoil

135
Q

myopathy

muscles

assessments

A

Def: muscle disease

Pron: mai-AW-pah-thee

Word Analysis

myo/ pathy

muscle/ disease

136
Q

myasthenia *

muscles

assessments

A

Def: muscle weakness

Pron: MAI-as-THEE-nee-ah

Word Analysis

my/ asthenia

muscle/ weakness

137
Q

myofasciitis

muscles

assessments

A

Def: inflammation of muscle and fascia

Pron: MAI-oh-FA-shee-AI-tis

Word Analysis

myo/ fasci/ itis

muscle/ fascia/ inflammation

138
Q

myositis

muscles

assessments

A

Def: muscle inflammation *

Pron: MAI-oh-SAI-tis

Word Analysis

myos/ itis

muscle/ inflammation

139
Q

necrotizing fasciitis

muscles

assessments

A

Def: inflammation of the fascia, causing the death of tissue

Pron: NEH-kroh-TAI-zing FA-shee-AI-tis

Word Analysis

necrot/ izing fasci/ itis

death/ causing fascia/ inflammation

140
Q

polymyositis

muscles

assessments

A

Def: inflammation of multiple muscles

Pron: PAW-lee-MAI-oh-SAI-tis

Word Analysis

poly/ myos/ itis

many/ muscle/ inflammation

141
Q

tardive dyskinesia *

muscles

assessments

A

Def: condition characterized by the loss of muscle control

Pron: TAR-div DIS-kin-EE-zhah

Word Analysis

tardive dys/ kinesia

slow bad/ movement

142
Q

tendinitis

muscles

assessments

A

Def: tendon inflammation

Pron: TEN-dih-NAI-tis

Word Analysis

tendin/ itis

tendon/ inflammation

143
Q

tendonitis

muscles

assessments

A

Def: tendon inflammation

Pron: TEN-dah-NAI-tis

Word Analysis

tendon/ itis

tendon/ inflammation

144
Q

chondroma *

oncology

assessments

A

Def: a tumorlike growth of carilage tissue

Pron: kawn-DROH-mah

Word Analysis

chondr/ oma

cartilage/ tumor

145
Q

myoma

oncology

assessments

A

Def: a muscle tumor

Pron: mai-OH-mah

Word Analysis

my/ oma

muscle/ tumor

146
Q

myosarcoma *

oncology

assessments

A

Def: a cancerous muscle tumor

Pron: MAI-oh-sar-KOH-mah

Word Analysis

myo/ sarc/ oma

muscle/ flesh/ tumor

147
Q

osteocarcinoma

oncology

assessments

A

Def: bone cancer tumor

Pron: AW-stee-oh-KAR-sih-NOH-mah

Word Analysis

osteo/ carcin/ oma

bone/ cancer/ tumor

148
Q

osteochondroma *

oncology

assessments

A

Def: a tumor made up of bone and cartilage, also known as an exostosis made up of cartilage.

Pron: AW-stee-oh-kon-DROH-mah

Word Analysis

osteo/ chondr/ oma

bone/ cartilage/ tumor

149
Q

osteosarcoma *

oncology

assessments

A

Def: cancerous tumor arising out of bone cells

Pron: AW-stee-oh-sar-KOH-mah

Word Analysis

osteo/ sarc/ oma

bone/ flesh/ tumor

150
Q

analgesic

pharmacology

plan (treatments/therapies)

A

Def: a drug that relieves pain

Pron: A-nal-JEE-zik

Word Analysis

an/ alge/ sic

no/ pain/ agent

151
Q

antiarthritic

pharmacology

plan (treatments/therapies)

A

Def: a drug that opposes joint inflammation

Pron: AN-tee-ar-THRIH-tik

Word Analysis

anti/ arthri/ tic

against/ joint (pain)/ agent

152
Q

anti-inflammatory

pharmacology

plan (treatments/therapies)

A

Def: a drug that opposes
inflammation

Pron: AN-tee-in-FLA-mah-TOR-ee

Word Analysis

anti/ inflammatory

against/ inflammation

153
Q

antipyretic

pharmacology

plan (treatment/ therapies)

A

Def: a drug that opposes fever

Pron: AN-tee-pir-ih-tik

Word Analysis

anti/ pyre/ tic

against/ fever/ against

154
Q

carpectomy

procedures for bones

plan (treatments/therapies)

A

Def: removal of all or part of the wrist

Pron: kar-PEK-toh-mee

Word Analysis

carp/ ectomy

wrist/ removal

155
Q

costectomy

procedures for bones

plan (treatments/therapies)

A

Def: removal of a rib

Pron: kaws-TEK-toh-mee

Word Analysis

cost/ ectomy

rib/ removal

156
Q

craniectomy

procedures for bones

plan (treatments/therapies)

A

Def: removal of a portion of the skull

Pron: KRAY-nee-EK-toh-mee

Word Analysis

crani/ ectomy

skull/ removal

skull piece not replaced

157
Q

craniotomy

procedures for bones

plan (treatments/therapies)

A

Def: removal of a portion of the skull

Pron: KRAY-nee-AW-toh-mee

Word Analysis

cranio/ tomy

skull/ incision

skull piece is replaced

158
Q

external fixation

procedures for bones

plan (treatments/therapies)

A

Def: the fixation of a fractured bone from the outside (i.e., using casts, splints, stabilizers)

Pron: EKS-tir-nal fik-SAY-shun

Word Analysis

external fix/ ation

outside fix/ procedure

Note: though external fixation refers to things attached outside the body, things like stabilizers often require surgery to attach.

159
Q

internal fixation

procedures for bones

plan (treatments/therapies)

A

Def: the fixation of a fractured bone from the inside (i.e., using screws, pins, plates)

Pron: IN-tir-nal fik-SAY-shun

Word Analysis

internal fix/ ation

inside fix/ procedure

160
Q

closed reduction

procedures for bones

plan (treatments/therapies)

A

Def: returning bones to their proper position without the use of surgery

Pron: klohzd ree-DUK-shun

Word Analysis

closed re/ duc/ tion

closed back/ lead/ procedure

161
Q

open reduction

procedures for bones

plan (treatments/therapies)

A

Def: returning bones to their proper position through the use of surgery

Pron: OH-pen ree-DUK-shun

Word Analysis

open re/ duc/ tion

open back/ lead/ procedure

162
Q

metacarpectomy

procedures for bones

plan (treatments/therapies)

A

Def: removal of a bone in the hand

Pron: MEH-tah-kar-PEK-toh-mee

Word Analysis

meta/ carp/ ectomy

after/ wrist/ removal

163
Q

orthotics

procedures for bones

plan (treatments/therapies)

A

Def: a device that aids in the straightening or stabilizing of a part of the body

Pron: or-THAW-tiks

Word Analysis

ortho/ tics

straight/ agent

164
Q

ostectomy

procedures for bones

plan (treatments/therapies)

A

Def: removal of a bone

Pron: aws-TEK-toh-mee

Word Analysis

ost/ ectomy

bone/ removal

165
Q

osteectomy

procedures for bones

plan (treatments/therapies)

A

Def: removal of a bone

Pron: aws-tee-EK-toh-mee

Word Analysis

oste/ ectomy

bone/ removal

166
Q

osteoclasia *

procedures for bones

plan (treatments/therapies)

A

Def: the surgical breaking of a bone (often done to remedy a deformity)

Pron: AWS-tee-oh-KLAY-zhah

Word Analysis

osteo/ clasia

bone/ breaking

167
Q

osteoplasty

procedures for bones

plan (treatments/therapies)

A

Def: reconstruction of a bone

Pron: AWS-tee-oh-PLAS-tee

Word Analysis

osteo/ plasty

bone/ reconstruction

168
Q

osteotomy

procedures for bones

plan (treatments/therapies)

A

Def: incision into a bone

Pron: AWS-tee-AW-toh-mee

Word Analysis

osteo/ tomy

bone/ incision

169
Q

prosthesis

procedures for bones

plan (treatments/therapies)

A

Def: a device that is added to a body to replace a missing part or lost function

Pron: praws-THEE-sis

Word Analysis

pros/ thesis

toward/ place

170
Q

spondylosyndesis

procedures for bones

plan (treatments/therapies)

A

Def: fusing together of multiple vertebrae

Pron: SPAWN-dih-loh-sin-DEE-sis

Word Analysis

spondylo/ syn/ desis

vertebra/ together/ binding

171
Q

sternotomy

procedures for bones

plan (treatments/therapies)

A

Def: incision into the sternum

Pron: stir-NAW-toh-mee

Word Analysis

sterno/ tomy

sternum/ incision

172
Q

tarsectomy

procedures for bones

plan (treatments/therapies)

A

Def: removal of all or a portion of the ankle

Pron: tar-SEK-toh-mee

Word Analysis

tar-SEK-toh-mee

tars/ ectomy

ankle/ removal

173
Q

tarsoclasia *

procedures for bones

plan (treatments/therapies)

A

Def: surgical fracture of the ankle (i.e., to treat clubfoot)

Pron: TAR-soh-KLAY-zhah

Word Analysis

tarso/ clasia

ankle/ breaking

174
Q

arthrectomy

procedures for joints

plan (treatments/therapies)

A

Def: removal of a joint

Pron: ar-THREK-toh-mee

Word Analysis

arthr/ ectomy

joint/ removal

175
Q

arthroclasia *

procedures for joints

plan (treatments/therapies)

A

Def: the therapeutic breaking of a joint to allow for increased mobility

Pron: AR-throh-KLAY-zhah

Word Analysis

arthro/ clasia

joint/ breaking

176
Q

arthrodesis

procedures for joints

plan (treatments/therapies)

A

Def: surgical fixation of a joint

Pron: AR-throh-DEE-sis

Word Analysis

arthro/ desis

joint/ binding

177
Q

arthrolysis

procedures for joints

plan (treatments/therapies)

A

Def: loosening a stiff joint

Pron: ar-THRAW-lih-sis

Word Analysis

arthro/ lysis

joint/ loose

178
Q

arthroplasty

procedures for joints

plan (treatments/therapies)

A

Def: reconstruction of a joint

Pron: AR-throh-PLAS-tee

Word Analysis

arthro/ plasty

joint/ reconstruction

179
Q

arthrotomy

procedures for joints

plan (treatments/therapies)

A

Def: incision into a joint

Pron: ar-THRAW-toh-mee

Word Analysis

arthro/ tomy

joint/ incision

180
Q

bursectomy

procedures for joints

plan (treatments/therapies)

A

Def: removal of a bursa

Pron: bir-SEK-toh-mee

Word Analysis

burs/ ectomy

bursa/ removal

181
Q

bursotomy

procedures for joints

plan (treatments/ therapies)

A

Def: incision into a bursa

Pron: bir-SAW-toh-mee

Word Analysis

burso/ tomy

bursa/ incision

182
Q

chrondrectomy

procedures for joints

plan (treatments/therapies)

A

Def: removal of cartilage

Pron: kawn-DREK-toh-mee

Word Analysis

chondr/ ectomy

cartilage/ removal

183
Q

chondroplasty

procedures for joints

plan (treatments/therapies)

A

Def: reconstruction of a cartilage

Pron: KAWN-droh-PLAS-tee

Word Analysis

chondro/ plasty

cartilage/ reconstruction

184
Q

fasciectomy

procedures for muscles

plan (treatments/therapies)

A

Def: removal of fascia

Pron: FA-shee-EK-toh-mee

Word Analysis

fasci/ ectomy

fascia/ removal

185
Q

fasciodesis *

procedures for muscles

plan (treatments/therapies)

A

Def: binding of fascia

Pron: FA-shoh-DEE-sis

Word Analysis

fascio/ desis

fascia/ binding

186
Q

fascioplasty

procedures for muscles

plan (treatments/therapies)

A

Def: reconstruction of fascia

Pron: FA-shoh-PLAS-tee

Word Analysis

fascio/ plasty

fascia/ reconstruction

187
Q

fasciorrhaphy

procedures for muscles

plan (treatments/therapies)

A

Def: suturing of fascia

Pron: fah-SHOR-ah-fee

Word Analysis

fascio/ rrhaphy

fascia/ suture

188
Q

fasciotomy

procedures for muscles

plan (treatments/therapies)

A

Def: incision into fascia

Pron: FA-shee-AW-toh-mee

Word Analysis

fascio/ tomy

fascia/ incision

189
Q

myectomy

procedures for muscles

plan (treatments/therapies)

A

Def: removal of muscle

Pron: mai-EK-toh-mee

Word Analysis

my/ ectomy

muscle/ removal

190
Q

myodesis

procedures for muscles

plan (treatments/therapies)

A

Def: binding of a muscle

Pron: MAI-oh-DEE-sis

Word Analysis

myo/ desis

muscle/ binding

191
Q

myomectomy *

procedures for muscles

plan (treatments/therapies)

A

Def: removal of a muscle tumor

Pron: MAI-oh-MEK-toh-mee

Word Analysis

my/ om/ ectomy

muscle/ tumor/ removal

192
Q

myoplasty

procedures for muscles

plan (treatments/therapies)

A

Def: muscle reconstruction

Pron: MAI-oh-PLAS-tee

Word Analysis

myo/ plasty

muscle/ reconstruction

193
Q

myorrhaphy

procedures for muscles

plan (treatments/therapies)

A

Def: muscle suture

Pron: mai-OR-ah-fee

Word Analysis

myo/ rrhaphy

muscle/ suture

194
Q

myotomy

procedures for muscles

plan (treatments/therapies)

A

Def: incision into muscle

Pron: mai-AW-toh-mee

Word Analysis

myo/ tomy

muscle/ incision

195
Q

tendectomy

procedures for muscles

plan (treatments/therapies)

A

Def: removal of a tendon

Pron: ten-DEK-toh-mee

Word Analysis

tend/ ectomy

tendon/ removal

196
Q

tendoplasty

procedures for muscles

plan (treatments/therapies)

A

Def: reconstruction of a tendon

Pron: TEN-doh-PLAS-tee

Word Analysis

tend/ plasty

tendon/ reconstruction

197
Q

tenodesis

procedures for muscles

plan (treatments/therapies)

A

Def: binding of a tendon

Pron: TEN-oh-DEE-sis

Word Analysis

teno/ desis

tendon/ binding

198
Q

tenolysis

procedures for muscles

plan (treatments/therapies)

A

Def: freeing/ loosening a tendon

Pron: ten-AW-lih-sis

Word Analysis

teno/ lysis

tendon/ loosen

199
Q

tenonectomy

procedures for muscles

plan (treatments/therapies)

A

Def: removal of a tendon

Pron: TEN-oh-NEK-toh-mee

Word Analysis

tenon/ ectomy

tendon/ removal

200
Q

tenoplasty

procedures for muscles

plan (treatments/therapies)

A

Def: reconstruction of a tendon

Pron: TEN-oh-PLAS-tee

Word Analysis

teno/ plasty

tendon/ reconstruction

201
Q

tenorrhaphy

procedures for muscles

plan (treatments/therapies)

A

Def: suture of a tendon

Pron: ten-OR-ah-fee

Word Analysis

teno/ rrhaphy

tendon/ suture

202
Q

tenotomy

procedures for muscles

plan (treatments/therapies)

A

Def: incision into a tendon

Pron: ten-AW-toh-mee

Word Analysis

teno/ tomy

tendon/ incision

203
Q

Hx

muscloskeletal system abbreviations

A

Def: history

204
Q

Fx

muscloskeletal system abbreviations

A

Def: fracture

205
Q

Tx

muscloskeletal system abbreviations

A

Def: traction or treatment

206
Q

ACL

muscloskeletal system abbreviations

A

Def: anterior cruciate ligament

207
Q

MCL

muscloskeletal system abbreviations

A

Def: medial collateral ligament

208
Q

LCL

muscloskeletal system abbreviations

A

Def: lateral collateral ligament

209
Q

PCL

muscloskeletal system abbreviations

A

Def: posterior cruciate ligament

210
Q

C1-C7

muscloskeletal system abbreviations

A

Def: cervical (of the neck) vertebrae

211
Q

T1-T12

muscloskeletal system abbreviations

A

Def: thoracic (of the chest) vertebrae

212
Q

L1-L5

muscloskeletal system abbreviations

A

Def: lumbar (of the loin) vertebrae

213
Q

S1-S5

muscloskeletal system abbreviations

A

Def: sacral vertebrae

214
Q

DTR

muscloskeletal system abbreviations

A

Def: deep tendon reflexes

this is what doctors are testing when they tap the knee with a reflex hammer

215
Q

EMG

muscloskeletal system abbreviations

A

Def: electromyogram

216
Q

FROM

muscloskeletal system abbreviations

A

Def: full range of motion

217
Q

NSAID

muscloskeletal system abbreviations

A

Def: nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug

218
Q

OA

muscloskeletal system abbreviations

A

Def: osteoarthritis

219
Q

ORIF

muscloskeletal system abbreviations

A

Def: open reduction internal fixation

220
Q

PT

muscloskeletal system abbreviations

A

Def: physical therapy

221
Q

RA

muscloskeletal system abbreviations

A

Def: rheumatoid arthritis

222
Q

RICE

muscloskeletal system abbreviations

A

Def: rest, ice, compression, elevation

223
Q

ROM

muscloskeletal system abbreviations

A

Def: range of motion

224
Q

WB

muscloskeletal system abbreviations

A

Def: weight bearing

225
Q

WBAT

muscloskeletal system abbreviations

A

Def: weight bearing as tolerated

Medical Terminolgy (10 decks)

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