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Medical Terminology > Chapter 4 - Musculoskeletal system > Flashcards

Chapter 4 - Musculoskeletal system Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

What structure attaches bone to bone?

A

Ligament

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2
Q

Anatomical name for kneecap

A

Patella

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3
Q

Anatomical name for collar bone

A

Clavicle

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4
Q

Anatomical name for shoulder blade

A

scapula

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5
Q

Anatomical name for shin bone

A

tibia

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6
Q

Anatomical name for upper leg bone; thigh bone

A

Femur

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7
Q

Anatomical name for toe bones

A

Phalanges

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8
Q

Anatomical name for bones in palm of hand

A

Metacarpus

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9
Q

Three muscle types

A

Skeletal, cardiac, and smooth

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10
Q

Abduction

A

Movement away from midline of the body

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11
Q

Adduction

A

Movement toward midline of the body

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12
Q

Flexion

A

Act of bending or being bent

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13
Q

Extension

A

movement that brings limb into or toward a straight condition

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14
Q

dorsiflexion

A

backward bending, as of hand or foot

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15
Q

Plantar flexion

A

bend sole of foot; point toes downward

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16
Q

eversion

A

turning outward

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17
Q

inversion

A

turning inward

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18
Q

pronation

A

to turn downward or backward, as with hand or foot

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19
Q

supination

A

turn palm or foot upward

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20
Q

elevation

A

to raise a body part, shrugging the shoulders is an example

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21
Q

depression

A

A downward movement, dropping the shoulders is an example

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22
Q

closed fracture

A

simple fracture with no open skin or wound

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23
Q

Colles’ fracture

A

common type of wrist fracture

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24
Q

comminuted fracture

A

fracture in which bone is shattered, splintered, or crushed into many pieces or fragments; fracture is completely through bone

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25
Q

compound fracture

A

open fracture in which skin has been broken through by fracture

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26
Q

compression fracture

A

fracture involving loss of height of vertebral body

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27
Q

fracture (FX, Fx)

A

broken bone

28
Q

greenstick fracture

A

fracture in which there is incomplete break; one side of bone is broken and other side is bent; this type of fracture is commonly found in children due to their softer and more pliable bone structure

29
Q

impacted fracture

A

fracture in which bone fragments are pushed into each other

30
Q

oblique fracture

A

fracture at angle to bone

31
Q

pathologic fracture

A

fracture caused by diseased or weakened bone

32
Q

spiral fracture

A

fracture in S-shaped spiral; can be caused by twisting injury

33
Q

stress fracture

A

slight fracture caused by repetitive low-impact forces, like running, rather than single forceful impact

34
Q

transverse fracture

A

complete fracture straight across bone at right angles to long axis of bone

35
Q

Pertaining to carpus

A

carpal

36
Q

pertaining to neck

A

cervical

37
Q

pertaining to clavicle

A

clavicular

38
Q

pertaining to coccyx

A

coccygeal

39
Q

pertaining to outer layer

A

cortical

40
Q

pertaining to rib

A

costal

41
Q

pertaining to skull

A

cranial

42
Q

pertaining to femur

A

femoral

43
Q

pertaining to fibula

A

fibular

44
Q

pertaining to humerus

A

humeral

45
Q

pertaining to ilium

A

iliac

46
Q

pertaining to between vertebrae

A

intervertebral

47
Q

pertaining to within skull

A

intracranial

48
Q

pertaining to ischium

A

ischial

49
Q

pertaining to low back

A

lumbar

50
Q

pertaining to mandible

A

mandibular

51
Q

pertaining to maxilla

A

maxillary

52
Q

pertaining to inner region

A

medullary

53
Q

pertaining to metacarpus

A

metacarpal

54
Q

pertaining to metatarsus

A

metatarsal

55
Q

pertaining to patella

A

patellar

56
Q

pertaining to phalanges

A

phalangeal

57
Q

pertaining to pubis

A

pubic

58
Q

pertaining to radius

A

radial

59
Q

pertaining to sacrum

A

sacral

60
Q

pertaining to scapula

A

scapular

61
Q

pertaining to spine

A

spinal

62
Q

pertaining to sternum

A

sternal

63
Q

pertaining to tarsus

A

tarsal

64
Q

pertaining to thorax

A

thoracic

65
Q

pertaining to tibia

A

tibial

66
Q

pertaining to ulna

A

ulnar

67
Q

pertaining to a vertebra

A

vertebral

Medical Terminology (10 decks)

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