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Medical Terminology > Chapter 4- Muscles > Flashcards

Chapter 4- Muscles Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

bi-

A

Twice, double, two

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2
Q

-cele

A

Hernia, tumor, swelling

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3
Q

fasci/o

A

Fascia, fibrous band

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4
Q

fibr/o

A

Fibrous tissue, fiber

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5
Q

-is

A

Abnormal condition, disease, plural of -ium

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6
Q

-ic

A

Pertaining to

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7
Q

kines/o, kinesi/o

A

Movement

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8
Q

my/o

A

Muscle

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9
Q

-pelgia

A

Paralysis, stroke

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10
Q

-rrhexis

A

Rupture

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11
Q

tax/o

A

Coordination, order

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12
Q

ten/o, tend/o, tendin/o

A

Tendon, stretch out, extend, strain

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13
Q

ton/o

A

Tone, stretching, tension

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14
Q

tri-

A

Three

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15
Q

Muscle fibers

A

Long, slender cells that make up muscles. Each muscle consists of a group of fibers that are bound together by connective tissue.

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16
Q

Fascia

A

A band of connective tissue that envelops, separates, or bones together muscles or groups of muscles.

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17
Q

Tendon

A

A narrow band of non-elastic, dense, fibrous connective tissue that attaches muscle to a bone.

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18
Q

Ligament

A

Bands of fibrous tissue that form joints by connecting one bone to another bone.

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19
Q

Skeletal muscles

A

Or attached to the bones of the skeleton and make body motions possible.

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20
Q

Smooth muscles

A

Involuntary muscles/ Located in the walls of the internal organs such as the digestive tract, blood vessels, and ducks leading from Glad.

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21
Q

Myocardial muscles

A

Form the muscular walls of the heart.

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22
Q

cardi

A

Heart

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23
Q

-al

A

Pertaining to

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24
Q

Muscle innervation

A

The stimulation of a muscle by an impulse transmitted by a motor nerve.

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25
Q

Neuromuscular

A

Pertaining to the relationship between a nerve and muscle.

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26
Q

Antagonistic

A

Working in opposition to each other.

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27
Q

Abduction

A

The movement of a limb away from the midline of the body.

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28
Q

duct

A

To lead

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29
Q

-ion

A

Action

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30
Q

Adduction

A

The movement of a limb toward the midline of the body.

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31
Q

Flexion

A

Decreasing the angle between two bones by bending a limb to a joint.

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32
Q

flex

A

To bend

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33
Q

Extension

A

Increasing the angle between two bones or the straightening out of a limb.

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34
Q

tens

A

To stretch out

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35
Q

Hyperextension

A

The extreme or over extension of a limb or body part beyond its normal limit.

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36
Q

Elevation

A

The act of raising or lifting a body part.

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37
Q

Depression

A

The act of lowering a body part.

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38
Q

Rotation

A

A circular movement around the axis such as the shoulder joint.

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39
Q

Circumduction

A

The circular movement at the far end of a limb.

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40
Q

Rotator cuff

A

The group of muscles in there tendons that hold the head of the humerus securely in place as it rotates with in the shoulder joint.

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41
Q

Supination

A

The act of rotating the arm or leg so that the palm of the hand or sole of the foot is turned forward or upward.

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42
Q

Pronation

A

The act of rotating the arm or leg so that the palm of the hand or sole of the foot is turned downword or backward.

43
Q

Dorsiflexion

A

The movement that burns the foot upward at the ankle.

44
Q

Plantar flexion

A

The movement that bends the foot downward at the ankle.

45
Q

-asthenia

A

Lack or loss of strength

46
Q

lei/o

A

Smooth

47
Q

cry/o

A

Cold

48
Q

taxi/a

A

Movement to stimuli

49
Q

Origin

A

Where are the muscle begins, and it is nearest to the midline and a less movable attachment.

50
Q

Insertion

A

Where the muscle ends by attaching to a bone or tendon.

51
Q

stern/o

A

Breastbone

52
Q

cleid/o

A

Collar bone

53
Q

carpi

A

Wrist or wrist bones

54
Q

Lateralis

A

Toward the side.

55
Q

Medialis

A

Toward the midline.

56
Q

Oblique

A

Slanted or at an angle.

57
Q

Rectus

A

In straight alignment with the vertical axis of the body.

58
Q

Sphincter

A

A ring like muscle hat tightly constricts the opening of a passage way.

59
Q

Transverse

A

In a crosswise direction.

60
Q

-ceps

A

Head

61
Q

Hamstring group

A
  • biceps femoris
  • semitendinosus
  • semimembranosus
62
Q

Adhesion

A

A band of fibrous tissue that holds structures together abnormally.

63
Q

Atrophy

A

Weakness or wearing away of body tissues and structures.

64
Q

Hernia

A

The protrusion of a part of a structure through the tissues normally conditioning it.

65
Q

-lysis

A

Destruction or breaking down in disease.

66
Q

rhabdomy/o

A

Striated muscle

67
Q

sarc/o

A

Flesh

68
Q

-penia

A

Deficiency

69
Q

Muscle tone

A

The state of balanced muscle tension that makes normal posture, coordination, and movement possible.

70
Q

Atonic

A

Lacking normal muscle tone or strength.

71
Q

Dystonia

A

A condition of abnormal muscle tone that causes the impairment of voluntary muscle movement.

72
Q

Hypotonia

A

A condition in which there is diminished tone of the skeletal muscles.

73
Q

Ataxia

A

The lack of muscle coordination during voluntary movement.

74
Q

Contracture

A

The permanent tightening of facia, muscles, tendons, ligaments or skin that occurs when normally elastic connective tissues are replaced with non elastic fibrous tissues.

75
Q

Intermittent claudication

A

Pain in the leg muscles that occurs during exercise and is relieved by rest.

76
Q

Spasm

A

Any sudden, involuntary contraction of one or more muscles.

77
Q

clon

A

Violent action

78
Q

Singultus

A

Hiccups/ myoclonus of the diaphragm that causes the characteristic hiccups sound with each spasm.

79
Q

Cramp

A

Painful localized muscle spasm.

80
Q

Torticollis

A

Stiff neck due to spasmodic contraction of the neck muscles that pull the head toward the affected side.

81
Q

brady-

A

Slow

82
Q

kines

A

Movement

83
Q

-ia

A

Condition

84
Q

-asthenia

A

Weakness or lack of strength.

85
Q

epi-

A

On

86
Q

condyl

A

Condyle

87
Q

Myoparesis

A

A weakness or slight muscular paralysis.

88
Q

Hemiparesis

A

Slight paralysis affecting one side of the body.

89
Q

Hemiplegia

A

Total paralysis affecting one side of the body.

90
Q

Paraplegia

A

The paralysis of both legs and the lower part of the body.

91
Q

Quadriplegia

A

Paralysis of all four extremities.

92
Q

RICE

A

Rest, ice, compression, and elevation.

93
Q

-rrhaphy

A

Surgical suturing

94
Q

CTS

A

Carpal tunnel syndrome

95
Q

CFS

A

Chronic fatigue syndrome

96
Q

hemi

A

Hemiplegia

97
Q

IC

A

Intermediate claudication

98
Q

MD

A

Muscular dystrophy

99
Q

MG

A

Myasthenia gravis

100
Q

OT

A

Occupational therapy, occupational therapist

101
Q

PM

A

Polymyositis

102
Q

quad

A

Quadriplegia, quadriplegic

103
Q

RSD

A

Repetitive stress disorder

104
Q

ROM

A

Range of motion testing

Medical Terminology (8 decks)

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