Chapter 4: Molecular Microbiology

Question 1

Central dogma

Answer 1

DNA -> RNA -> protein

transcription -> translation

Question 2

Enzyme that inserts supercoils into DNA

Answer 2

DNA gyrase, a topoisomerase

Question 3

Antibiotic inhibition in DNA maintainence

Answer 3

Interference of DNA gyrase

Question 4

Proteins produced by bacteria that kill closely related species or strains

Answer 4

Bacteriocins

Question 5

Major replisome proteins

Answer 5

DNA polymerase
DNA helicase/primase
DNA gyrase

Question 6

2 highly conserved regions in transcription promoters

Answer 6

Prinbow box (-10)
-35 region

Question 7

Stable or quickly degrades? (mRNA, tRNA, rRNA)

Answer 7

mRNA quickly degrades

tRNA and rRNA are stable

Question 8

Enzyme that links a tRNA to its amino acid

Answer 8

aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase

charges tRNA

Question 9

Gene that is always on

Answer 9

constitutive

Question 10

Gene that can either be on or off

Answer 10

inducible

Question 11

proteins assisting in protein folding

Answer 11

chaperonins

Question 12

antibiotic method of prevention in translation

Answer 12

mimic tRNA structure, occupy P or A sites