Chapter 4: Membrane Transport & Potential

Question 1

What is transported in diffusion and osmosis?

Answer 1

Molecules & Ions, respectively

Question 2

Type of active transport across the cell membrane by use of Facilitated Diffusion

Answer 2

Carrier-Mediated Transport

Question 3

Diffusion of solute particles dissolved in water through a selectively permeable membrane

Answer 3

Simple Diffusion

Question 4

Diffusion of water through a differentially permeable membrane from an area of high water concentration to low water concentration, moves toward solution w/ higher concentration of solutes

Answer 4

Osmosis

Question 5

2 factors determining direction of force; stopping point?

Answer 5

Passive, goes with concentration gradient

Active, goes against concentration gradient

Question 6

2 types of driving forces & describe components of each

Answer 6

Chemical: Concentration Gradient, Diffusion

Electrical: Movement of +/- ions

BOTH maintains membrane potential

Question 7

Movement of molecules from a region of higher concentration to a region of lower concentration

Answer 7

Diffusion

Question 8

3 things that rate of diffusion depends on & describe

Answer 8

1. Concentration Gradient- Chemical driving force
2. Permeability
   
   1. Lipid Solubility, use of pore/thru layer
   2. Size
   3. Temp
   4. Membrane Thickness
3. SA of membrane
   
   1. Larger = faster
      
      1. **Think aleveoli in lungs

Question 9

Electrochemical forces act to maintain?

Answer 9

Negative inside membrane potential in comparison to outside

Question 10

Type of transport?

Answer 10

Facilitated Transport

Question 11

Type of transport?

Answer 11

Active Transport

Question 12

Type of transport?

Answer 12

Question 13

Force needed to be applied to a closed system to oppose osmosis

Answer 13

Osmotic Pressure

Question 14

effect of solution on osmotic movement of water (shrinkage/swelling)

Answer 14

Tonicity

Question 15

Blood Osmolality Steps?

1.) Dehydration leads to..?

Answer 15

Question 16

3 Types of Endocytosis Membrane Bound Transport & Describe

Answer 16

1. Phagocytosis- engulfing particles
2. Pinocytosis- ingestion of dissolved molecules
3. Receptor-Mediated: Receptor protein –> Coated Pit –> Clathrin

Question 17

Method of membrane bound transport out of cells & explain (3)

Answer 17

Exocytosis

Secretory vesicle engulfs contents, fuses with plasma membrane, release of contents

Question 18

Type of Transport?

Answer 18

Epithelial Solute Transport

Question 19

Type of Transport?

Answer 19

Epithelial Water Transport