Chapter 3 pt 2- Bioenergetics

Question 1

Metabolic reaction involving 5 protein-lipid complexes; H’s removed from coenzymes & then electrons are separated; oxidation reduction reactions; w/ oxygen as the final electron acceptor

Answer 1

Electron Transport Chain

Question 2

Answer 2

Question 3

What is the final ATP Tally from 1 glucose?

Answer 3

38

Question 4

Where is the majority of ATP made? Amount made in 1 cycle?

Answer 4

TCA Cycle; 24 ATP

Question 5

Amount of ATP created from Glycolysis & 2 Pyruvate to 2 Acetyl CoA?

Answer 5

6 ATP

Question 6

What is formed if pyruvate and NADH are being produced faster than aerobic metabolism can use them?

Answer 6

Lactate

Question 7

Lactate Accumulation

1. Increases/Decreases tissue pH? Effect on buffer systems?
2. Associated with ________ during high intensity exercise

Answer 7

Lactate Accumulation

1. Decreases tissue pH, stressing buffer systems
2. Associated with fatigue during high intensity exercise

Question 8

Lactate Removal

1. Used as ______ for certain tissues.
2. Used as substrate for _____________ in liver (Cori Cycle)

Answer 8

Lactate Removal

1. Used as fuel for certain tissues.
2. Used as substrate for gluconeogenesis in liver (Cori Cycle)

Question 9

During exercise, some lactate from skeletal muscles can be converted to blood glucose in the liver via?

Metabolic reaction that serves as an energy source during exercise and used to replenish liver glycogen after exercise?

Answer 9

During exercise, some lactate from skeletal muscles can be converted to blood glucose in the liver via gluconeogenesis

Cori Cycle

Question 10

Label the Cori Cycle:

Answer 10

Question 11

What causes the concentration of ATP within cells to rise?

Name of Metabolic Reaction(s) involved?

Answer 11

If food energy is taken in faster than it can be used

Glycogen and Lipid Synthesis

Question 12

Describe what occurs during Glycogen and Lipid Synthesis.

Reactant and products?

Answer 12

Glucose –> Glycogen & fat as storage forms of energy

6 Acetyl CoA molecules from a 12 C FA

Question 13

What pathway of bioenergentics removes 2C Acetic Acid molecules from the acid end of a FA chain?

Answer 13

Beta Oxidation

Question 14

Label the Lipid Bionergetics:

Answer 14

Question 15

Answer 15

Question 16

What is the body’s last source for energy? Why?

Answer 16

Protein Catabolism; involves the loss of muscle mass

Question 17

Protein Catabolism- AA may be used for energy:

1. converted to _____ ___ during?
2. Gluconeogenesis; conversion to ________ in _____

Answer 17

Protein Catabolism- AA may be used for energy:

1. converted to acetyl CoA during prolonged exercise/starvation
2. Gluconeogenesis; conversion to glucose in liver

Question 18

What is a calorie?

Answer 18

amount of heat needed to raise 1G 1 deg Celsius

Question 19

What is a “food calorie?”

Answer 19

1 kCal

Question 20

General major form of energy storage in the body?

1 G = __ kCal of energy

Answer 20

Fat

1 G Fat = 9 kCal of energy

Question 21

1 G Carbohydrate/protein = __ kCal of energy

Answer 21

1 G Carbohydrate/protein = 4 kCal of energy