Chapter 4 - Major Cytokines Flashcards
Chemical messengers that regulates the immune system
Cytokines
What interleukin is an endogenous pyrogen which can also increase APR levels?
IL-1
Which interleukin is a T cell growth factor and mediates activation and proliferation of B and T cells?
IL-2
Which interleukin stimulates B cells?
IL-6
A cytokine that interferes with viral replication.
Interferon
Cytokine binds to receptors on nearby cells.
Paracrine
Cytokine binds cells in distant parts of the body.
Endocrine
Cytokine binds to receptor on cell that secreted it.
Autocrine
Proteins produced by virally-infected cells and protect the neighboring cells.
Interferons
The antiviral activity of interferons is:
I. Virus-nonspecific
II. Virus-specific
III. Host-nonspecific
IV. Host-specific
A. I and III
B. II and IV
C. I and IV
D. II and III
C. I and IV
Difference of type 1 and type 2 interferon.
Type 1 is nonspecific, type 2 is specific
Enumerate type 1 interferons.
Alpha, Beta
Enumerate type 2 interferon/s.
Gamma
Immune, component of the specific immune response to viral and other pathogens.
A. Type 1 interferon
B. Type 2 interferon
C. Either
D. Neither
B. Type 2 interferon
What secretes alpha interferons?
Leukocytes
What secretes beta interferons?
Double stranded RNA fibroblast
the major producers of gamma interferon
TH1 cells
Chromosome responsible for the production of kappa light chains.
Chromosome 2
Chromosome responsible for the production of lambda light chains.
Chromosome 22
Lambda to kappa ratio
1:2
Cytokine that has cytotoxic activity against tumor cells and virally infected cells.
Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF)
TNF is antibacterial against gram ___ bacteria.
Negative
Enumerate two types of TNF
Alpha, Beta
TNF alpha is produced by ____.
Macrophage
TNF Beta is produced by _____.
CD41 and CD8 cells
TNF Alpha is also known as?
Cachectin
TNF beta is also known as?
Lymphotoxins
Differentiate TNF alpha from TNF beta
TNF alpha is nonspecific, TNF beta is specific
Identify the following whether it is specific or nonspecific:
- Lymphotoxins
- Cachectin
- Beta interferon
- Gamma interferon
- Alpha interferon
- Specific
- Nonspecific
- Nonspecific
- Specific
- Nonspecific
Major producers of interferon alpha
Null lymphocytes / NK cells
Major producers of interferon beta
Fibroblast & epithelial cells
Too much TNF production causes ____.
Bleeding
A cytokine that enhances motility & promotes migration or “guides” WBC.
Chemokines
A cytokine released by platelets during coagulation.
Betalysin
Betalysin has antibacterial activity against gram____.
Positive
